The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjHn7nltHxc
Ars Goetia1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoOoplhWRxm
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ04THydCouY
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFDCUbHcxOm
2) Duke Agares1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSNN1IqzRsP
3) Prince Vassago1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXjkvmEx06v
4) Marquis Samigina1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC6igpGpW7b
5) President Marbas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvuHqdSlamJ
6) Duke Valefor1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIPOWUY8JXy
7) Marquis Amon1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvqreJ1fSvD
8) Duke Barbatos1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ54O5zEevv
9) King Paimon1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7PlAyPD6BD
10) President Buer1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOC1PXBJhgs
11) Duke Gusion1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl3NEdvDq5G
12) Prince Sitri1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6DJhnWJw06
13) King Beleth1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGSa9G84IaQ
14) Marquis Leraje1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmGxc8H0l2J
15) Duke Eligos1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4sQvkrgVaf
16) Duke Zepar1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjNMV2Hy6iz
17) Count/President Botis1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBwfLvAT6Vs
18) Duke Bathin1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLz3hkR68gs
19) Duke Sallos1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZVhpj8574S
20) King Purson1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0Kx7NDBGnP
21) Count/President Marax1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSx5xoFAC4A
22) Count/Prince Ipos1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWDy1KzrmKo
23) Duke Aim1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvMetxXVGl7
24) Marquis Naberius1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ34ynEPXr2A
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnr9fh8tFco
26) Duke Buné1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxoRBqtU9ah
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeK5JDsJ79C
28) Duke Berith1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKjkBQzy02Q
29) Duke Astaroth1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjgd2dxD4a0
30) Marquis Forneus1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWn8cqXbSWq
31) President Foras1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB7vCchENTP
32) King Asmoday1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCReMjutzLg
33) Prince/President Gäap1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVhWcYhy9JD
34) Count Furfur1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlEvKExGSAq
35) Marquis Marchosias1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiDiAQzmmej
36) Prince Stolas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0VVs758rr4
37) Marquis Phenex1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGdXQWKNGmF
38) Count Halphas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWyCHNuJcpK
39) President Malphas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ29dDHnWbdT
40) Count Räum1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgRfIki60wI
41) Duke Focalor1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PwahPz2fh
42) Duke Vepar1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtaVvkcXEEp
43) Marquis Sabnock1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMWWei1rkJN
44) Marquis Shax1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKJeWPdoMYA
45) King/Count Viné1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIUTU5CdTqi
46) Count Bifrons1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ99M3HY6C1L
47) Duke Vual1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWCGt61Ytv5
48) President Haagenti1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTliwbiinxI
49) Duke Crocell1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGSsMudmvGn
50) Knight Furcas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡljp4A1NzzM
51) King Balam1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLVvruFtNK9
52) Duke Alloces1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdoQ4hxSBhf
53) President Caim1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtLmRbYcKXD
54) Duke/Count Murmur1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOJSEAI08Oj
55) Prince Orobas1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKvm7eggLM6
56) Duke Gremory1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjfiVt1gis7
57) President Ose1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv40sSQde9j
58) President Amy1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9G9Y2oGqKY
59) Marquis Orias1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbOpsexwzfj
60) Duke Vapula1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDv6ev8B2gk
61) King/President Zagan1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2FAxfkJD3h
62) President Valac1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyvK9NGR1LX
63) Marquis Andras1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNlIfEw3Q6C
64) Duke Flauros1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ9YB8b27bK
65) Marquis Andrealphus1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDezysorSLF
66) Marquis Kimaris1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0KQhHJHPlS
67) Duke Amdusias1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhBnJipogNU
68) King Belial1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPrGhgyewjk
69) Marquis Decarabia1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8FxpMJX8mo
70) Prince Seere1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV0NjPpUyOh
71) Duke Dantalion1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO9GtsGqb4T
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdhKeh5ozhb
Ars Theurgia Goetia1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8vUsPSwLzf
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdtxAnDIKot
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Ars Paulina1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr9j0nI1Dhw
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡABZS5X7lDN
Ars Almadel1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSvDj6ZyPDC
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUp5ZBT3BWN
Ars Notoria1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ01N2naTcq
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOyszbDCyrX
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ51KV0opxKk
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlI12HOFcgD
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzRFG74Bw78
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ91yY5njJGx
5 Invidia (Envy)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyINqP5vFB1
6 Ira (wrath)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRZI4e5aHn7
7 Acedia (sloth)1025Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTafQ26rHsL
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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