The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnsKywLwVY2
Ars Goetia1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKtzxRumy0e
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE6EvkMKfER
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkd43nVnaGs
2) Duke Agares1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxuV03FkyGU
3) Prince Vassago1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡra6OpGsroL
4) Marquis Samigina1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsngDLo5DkB
5) President Marbas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr7QuT4fHN9
6) Duke Valefor1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDzxW2M5JAT
7) Marquis Amon1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO2O9RgG5EA
8) Duke Barbatos1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEKe3808CAG
9) King Paimon1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDVQWZ2QMrq
10) President Buer1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuwmmzCjpwQ
11) Duke Gusion1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv5StJpOiBo
12) Prince Sitri1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCkujQnaonX
13) King Beleth1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6ltTAzoeYm
14) Marquis Leraje1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1gNoPRg71R
15) Duke Eligos1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzlMXUjacTR
16) Duke Zepar1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡADqPKql3ue
17) Count/President Botis1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡINYxCZ9vdH
18) Duke Bathin1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ZqlLWdqz4
19) Duke Sallos1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKC7Yk4jSAJ
20) King Purson1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuru4NsC99O
21) Count/President Marax1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcs9r1efy2Y
22) Count/Prince Ipos1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk2lKWwyOpz
23) Duke Aim1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNoKhjursDl
24) Marquis Naberius1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrmucRXTscr
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLojEaFqa97
26) Duke Buné1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6krOBba0aB
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcy6hZOg5CO
28) Duke Berith1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡySnFgTbE9W
29) Duke Astaroth1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVCOJSFftZR
30) Marquis Forneus1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsDw11ujjUW
31) President Foras1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD3ayIqZijx
32) King Asmoday1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLreRTySkCw
33) Prince/President Gäap1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡevLRBuJfQ5
34) Count Furfur1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl2zMVo1YKV
35) Marquis Marchosias1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYKCqj9x7S0
36) Prince Stolas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgiKbSxUzjx
37) Marquis Phenex1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡffjNwHfvJw
38) Count Halphas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi2VzE7HrPT
39) President Malphas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVzxdOUeyjZ
40) Count Räum1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8LuZBc5tjh
41) Duke Focalor1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWLNsEQLqp
42) Duke Vepar1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ43J6lZdjHY
43) Marquis Sabnock1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgWYodx4fWM
44) Marquis Shax1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaJ4kQn0bKO
45) King/Count Viné1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCDP7HW3TaV
46) Count Bifrons1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxeZSxeYiF9
47) Duke Vual1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVbzOc3vcN9
48) President Haagenti1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZJaFomqzmJ
49) Duke Crocell1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3AmwixjYyI
50) Knight Furcas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrHUblS1ZGo
51) King Balam1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZbW85tAI3F
52) Duke Alloces1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrhMAV2Yp4j
53) President Caim1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSzdIPhtlyH
54) Duke/Count Murmur1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMKlrzMuWvI
55) Prince Orobas1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqDgDcLBzwy
56) Duke Gremory1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLK0Zqx1JoB
57) President Ose1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb5zjH7eGw8
58) President Amy1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡebEiivWdVl
59) Marquis Orias1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLpYNBFUaTc
60) Duke Vapula1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNsKC8TExdh
61) King/President Zagan1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrMpNwMKLqV
62) President Valac1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfrvhh879PR
63) Marquis Andras1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh94por0FNH
64) Duke Flauros1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRTMbtwvg3i
65) Marquis Andrealphus1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKEyzos0dOU
66) Marquis Kimaris1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ17wWJpx4DB
67) Duke Amdusias1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡODf0pb6GI5
68) King Belial1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡweqJELfckj
69) Marquis Decarabia1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJUfnrulsf3
70) Prince Seere1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOPocJ8Vfxf
71) Duke Dantalion1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDcIe3Skgmk
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaSvEcQz7Fl
Ars Theurgia Goetia1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1JTitjuFRN
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1UH2d9Fbp4
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Ars Paulina1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUab8yPbkVe
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡklkzGIepxj
Ars Almadel1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXnJKychdzH
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡarkuyo8fPP
Ars Notoria1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvYGbz77w5f
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNqlptRvNLI
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwtxZWlPPqX
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ty6TZbBRk
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpdcdWrjdL8
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcME9btS9Jg
5 Invidia (Envy)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡayGAJ8XyU3
6 Ira (wrath)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgkZpC7RYck
7 Acedia (sloth)1060Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd2aDb9GSFl
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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