The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR5PXJlpZ5T
Ars Goetia1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAgoqk8yzMX
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPbgEcq121P
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjEoZj65vX1
2) Duke Agares1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBZ1YXB0jnb
3) Prince Vassago1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTOCS7GmhvS
4) Marquis Samigina1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYh8OkVOuHc
5) President Marbas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlQo4oQTSYG
6) Duke Valefor1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtcOVZntqTi
7) Marquis Amon1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiGImAidHM2
8) Duke Barbatos1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLkaMX60pC7
9) King Paimon1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsZVbH8JEyG
10) President Buer1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvFrn53t49m
11) Duke Gusion1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoLHNjVB84m
12) Prince Sitri1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx7eiQIluR0
13) King Beleth1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2YaRwnnxBY
14) Marquis Leraje1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPCt8lBvkz1
15) Duke Eligos1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCKokhPhlJK
16) Duke Zepar1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfTlSXL5Kat
17) Count/President Botis1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3Vhk6JmZFA
18) Duke Bathin1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqzurPVMbQM
19) Duke Sallos1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOCerJNRM1E
20) King Purson1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoxhirO7pc7
21) Count/President Marax1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCfMYMHE2k7
22) Count/Prince Ipos1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8e9rQEiHDi
23) Duke Aim1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuRt1Oly0vG
24) Marquis Naberius1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgLtS3SL4qP
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWaO4M4cc6B
26) Duke Buné1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTMZ6XhnJrl
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1tQysT08yM
28) Duke Berith1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡam2If9TWlQ
29) Duke Astaroth1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsA67A8BtBF
30) Marquis Forneus1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD9AWMIUBM0
31) President Foras1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡthfh62VBJh
32) King Asmoday1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTYbnVtpsl0
33) Prince/President Gäap1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5t4WEYwTMD
34) Count Furfur1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGHLzzmBQrB
35) Marquis Marchosias1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkcC83fq7FW
36) Prince Stolas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkl6aBxA05x
37) Marquis Phenex1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG6ZlLleTo3
38) Count Halphas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQWtgr4PTOQ
39) President Malphas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpKC0kGvk2w
40) Count Räum1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhalwz5ELyT
41) Duke Focalor1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlyNNG051GY
42) Duke Vepar1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1QC8Yrkr3D
43) Marquis Sabnock1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡonP4uOd4VE
44) Marquis Shax1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjFscuh4S81
45) King/Count Viné1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdi8kzquv1u
46) Count Bifrons1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxAzcxMwZ6i
47) Duke Vual1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3aY2jwwRwJ
48) President Haagenti1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAmAnSRHzXN
49) Duke Crocell1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNltSWelBkH
50) Knight Furcas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPRMG70AA46
51) King Balam1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjeEKinoObz
52) Duke Alloces1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5KhKNsP022
53) President Caim1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoNcmv8Yehc
54) Duke/Count Murmur1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwC1NiwParW
55) Prince Orobas1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjQ1Web0qrQ
56) Duke Gremory1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKTSY95xnVh
57) President Ose1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmAvjBHqpcA
58) President Amy1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3z9qtR300n
59) Marquis Orias1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTGaKxEQ69I
60) Duke Vapula1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjOPCooz1Lu
61) King/President Zagan1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4fYFDGRXp1
62) President Valac1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzTdHvSvNdL
63) Marquis Andras1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRYZxRftefp
64) Duke Flauros1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6cB27YYmip
65) Marquis Andrealphus1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgHHr9mmLBV
66) Marquis Kimaris1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvBnJld6B9d
67) Duke Amdusias1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡakOtNVTEoU
68) King Belial1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbw2r63sqhh
69) Marquis Decarabia1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY1pkOHl0qB
70) Prince Seere1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0m0PAxTima
71) Duke Dantalion1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHTNVle9BLZ
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡID2uqCbVhH
Ars Theurgia Goetia1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ95h438EKSe
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZFf3Fb1YXU
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Ars Paulina1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcUkf9kUns0
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHtqmsgdJZx
Ars Almadel1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLmt9DpGtt5
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGYl3bFizy9
Ars Notoria1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKca4FuzbAZ
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6UrQBzftfc
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0SpW3bWh6T
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbMGmvSXVsG
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrEmvQ7CCfn
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjKao0SD7cf
5 Invidia (Envy)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1PJaBzZIM5
6 Ira (wrath)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhcLZBlkmqq
7 Acedia (sloth)1173Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡryWa0PZu2W
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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