The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOpLX1ZVtwT
Ars Goetia1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIt4ZHMrdwa
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgqqBlPa1rQ
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxrhUqeBsBX
2) Duke Agares1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi831Tq8s13
3) Prince Vassago1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYOVcsXwTAP
4) Marquis Samigina1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcHuqBHz4Hm
5) President Marbas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWn4Tm9mn7Y
6) Duke Valefor1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡczCRoerjXq
7) Marquis Amon1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRb6OKacUgs
8) Duke Barbatos1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA4rwLHDewv
9) King Paimon1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsKDxDw3Urv
10) President Buer1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpOGafnyaZd
11) Duke Gusion1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCxdPugrme0
12) Prince Sitri1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5EqEbVOAiw
13) King Beleth1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpTGl0xyEFX
14) Marquis Leraje1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ93rS7JIuvE
15) Duke Eligos1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PomHGlvKz
16) Duke Zepar1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡznI0nm26v6
17) Count/President Botis1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVJNI5mi7ZX
18) Duke Bathin1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB3NH5cwIoL
19) Duke Sallos1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCPI3HdX8AN
20) King Purson1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjiOMlvjtYE
21) Count/President Marax1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡayQFluTTJi
22) Count/Prince Ipos1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl5yCnxH9pF
23) Duke Aim1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqkRm8hiKDa
24) Marquis Naberius1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZI97PpGiSc
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ5QksvwKxm
26) Duke Buné1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9pZGylZLlI
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFAqzU8sYwO
28) Duke Berith1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCVibipQhX0
29) Duke Astaroth1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNj14sJCi29
30) Marquis Forneus1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhfdtT4Qdfy
31) President Foras1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0JXWYLU594
32) King Asmoday1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbx4xDMfaDY
33) Prince/President Gäap1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRuAyO5gCPz
34) Count Furfur1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiwa5t1vKZI
35) Marquis Marchosias1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtszBPjx9nR
36) Prince Stolas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUMeogwroQs
37) Marquis Phenex1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡncCXie70Ci
38) Count Halphas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRAzVmv2EGv
39) President Malphas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGUk0r3oF2U
40) Count Räum1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAXYAGSNDFz
41) Duke Focalor1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtU8t0m54Xp
42) Duke Vepar1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIP1cFTUncZ
43) Marquis Sabnock1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFqwYNRj6IS
44) Marquis Shax1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOggmkwLLkW
45) King/Count Viné1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYyh7aGKvQC
46) Count Bifrons1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoRmUcZEiVd
47) Duke Vual1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWoZ3yfIN3u
48) President Haagenti1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeUa3q97rGH
49) Duke Crocell1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNee30QH34c
50) Knight Furcas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWiZZoqq4bj
51) King Balam1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfNzzJefuRC
52) Duke Alloces1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdw5qMC9AF6
53) President Caim1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqIswvHy5Db
54) Duke/Count Murmur1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvoD5dv0z7Y
55) Prince Orobas1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7VTc0n8Adf
56) Duke Gremory1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvsABfnXg4g
57) President Ose1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBGz6bv4ldN
58) President Amy1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKPBi2dKcyh
59) Marquis Orias1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ18a7YG6RU0
60) Duke Vapula1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb5nfNxfvTc
61) King/President Zagan1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeYZ3vOINt1
62) President Valac1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLqC5TRDsGE
63) Marquis Andras1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqkbpJzu66p
64) Duke Flauros1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgCJNljVAs1
65) Marquis Andrealphus1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAJZhtwh6Yy
66) Marquis Kimaris1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoE9YoKn6G9
67) Duke Amdusias1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB5hpf5vmtL
68) King Belial1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIIIBGJ74vt
69) Marquis Decarabia1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiRlTveGc7i
70) Prince Seere1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdaKaazNNGe
71) Duke Dantalion1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw46A0LRF6L
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5K5GUFF05M
Ars Theurgia Goetia1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhv1rAeZc8L
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvAi61eyVXq
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Ars Paulina1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbLc5G4PCYz
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1CRlQXTt7o
Ars Almadel1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJP8EDjOhhJ
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh5OWTq0iyG
Ars Notoria1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡglPpGSTFa4
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbhx7spdiSP
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnfSXCK7V1a
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMySsSaEdY5
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxCdw3pRm9T
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhc7uclKp6Y
5 Invidia (Envy)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPfFdukBNpY
6 Ira (wrath)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9yuzNLkRpt
7 Acedia (sloth)1101Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡskgFUUTf05
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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