The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaIsFrJVhfm
Ars Goetia1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFhrqwAtPFw
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAazEW1Q5Nv
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNO9InerwdF
2) Duke Agares1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkBw6qJ7RoQ
3) Prince Vassago1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8O5THvUZtc
4) Marquis Samigina1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ45SoyHRGYO
5) President Marbas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6qfrUgNBL5
6) Duke Valefor1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqaMjqBp5fE
7) Marquis Amon1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8NxF6qYkL0
8) Duke Barbatos1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjIXuICyMRR
9) King Paimon1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡokzO8q8vkm
10) President Buer1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8NQSF7SJoM
11) Duke Gusion1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY6FSuWH7ny
12) Prince Sitri1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCMeHjzkPl7
13) King Beleth1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecGW0FUtpW
14) Marquis Leraje1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK20D16EKJK
15) Duke Eligos1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYtBuYFPu7e
16) Duke Zepar1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt38yQnKkKT
17) Count/President Botis1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk5YekleMp3
18) Duke Bathin1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuDWv38TnqH
19) Duke Sallos1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡex3tf185Zi
20) King Purson1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡulUR5edmjK
21) Count/President Marax1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEyo1B41hJb
22) Count/Prince Ipos1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡph0EODernz
23) Duke Aim1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBucTEnusKd
24) Marquis Naberius1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtkXlci34Tc
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhrZygDQJHC
26) Duke Buné1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcvIs5hkwcJ
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVWAQCicwhD
28) Duke Berith1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8ca9jVPEZH
29) Duke Astaroth1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFnw48O1pTu
30) Marquis Forneus1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEyTs3bRkXZ
31) President Foras1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7aE8n9QcY3
32) King Asmoday1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh4ZedgyHXv
33) Prince/President Gäap1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgf5pQXMyLX
34) Count Furfur1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdJYFJSzswN
35) Marquis Marchosias1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ34KZJYlpsI
36) Prince Stolas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN2oG6XsNT2
37) Marquis Phenex1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMwRP8HL0xc
38) Count Halphas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS8W2Vd59kn
39) President Malphas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4P0JrTn078
40) Count Räum1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAcCITULJ1F
41) Duke Focalor1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjMebNr3b8E
42) Duke Vepar1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡghZSJete80
43) Marquis Sabnock1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡidCo4a2IQ6
44) Marquis Shax1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfAIplE1mtH
45) King/Count Viné1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhomc0ugFDq
46) Count Bifrons1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡys4r8zfggE
47) Duke Vual1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMMK1DQ45uv
48) President Haagenti1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0SrV6zxTuT
49) Duke Crocell1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCIXiJoa7Ge
50) Knight Furcas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8McVLzE8PJ
51) King Balam1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzXvhJ4F1Tu
52) Duke Alloces1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGubKKEKEM5
53) President Caim1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB8C8qmk6sX
54) Duke/Count Murmur1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVzMXVBy3bO
55) Prince Orobas1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0ItD3JJVxa
56) Duke Gremory1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaLFTvErkMx
57) President Ose1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHNJJrlf0vw
58) President Amy1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQNc4z670Rn
59) Marquis Orias1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCwWvpbUIsS
60) Duke Vapula1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtYHS6SKbsi
61) King/President Zagan1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHFV1Ufjc4Q
62) President Valac1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQls633xDV9
63) Marquis Andras1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPiF2N3nOWF
64) Duke Flauros1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIkYeqmeo7b
65) Marquis Andrealphus1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdsYuZ8AZmY
66) Marquis Kimaris1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzn8WSnBp74
67) Duke Amdusias1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡasdRAkmuqE
68) King Belial1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmqlDC4INxx
69) Marquis Decarabia1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrv4uEMxnJF
70) Prince Seere1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYEU6OXtlal
71) Duke Dantalion1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV5fTc9jWTW
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8SBQ9nlsQY
Ars Theurgia Goetia1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT3wR5eUZ4R
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpKfvl6vYkF
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Ars Paulina1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZPDZorheER
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJU2SIQFYpk
Ars Almadel1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwlXD4RtDWx
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVuxsJyc7db
Ars Notoria1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9dwFmUUPns
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeJlFB69j1t
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡODoT32syaS
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXrCoDHAD3z
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH4xaJJKdbH
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5XUc9sb2a2
5 Invidia (Envy)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4oeWmiFIg9
6 Ira (wrath)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3mcZFpYSZy
7 Acedia (sloth)1062Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwGRoQsMIIQ
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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