The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1137Please respect copyright.PENANArqP5dV68q6
Ars Goetia1137Please respect copyright.PENANAVrZtoJ53MA
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1137Please respect copyright.PENANAd3M1BDWrlC
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1137Please respect copyright.PENANAuN5bvNOFlP
2) Duke Agares1137Please respect copyright.PENANAkhKfTQtlD1
3) Prince Vassago1137Please respect copyright.PENANAuMA39zwCrI
4) Marquis Samigina1137Please respect copyright.PENANArvRmWX5YmO
5) President Marbas1137Please respect copyright.PENANAgyCdfL2LYT
6) Duke Valefor1137Please respect copyright.PENANA23M2Ejt41R
7) Marquis Amon1137Please respect copyright.PENANA3IF6FcBlrR
8) Duke Barbatos1137Please respect copyright.PENANA4QNa8OCNCP
9) King Paimon1137Please respect copyright.PENANAZWP0BgKXPw
10) President Buer1137Please respect copyright.PENANASkqLdtC0z7
11) Duke Gusion1137Please respect copyright.PENANAaK3sJaaCWU
12) Prince Sitri1137Please respect copyright.PENANAOjUXaUNsHw
13) King Beleth1137Please respect copyright.PENANAqjOPr0V7jO
14) Marquis Leraje1137Please respect copyright.PENANAnhLcJKWr9f
15) Duke Eligos1137Please respect copyright.PENANAyRoMvLFzWs
16) Duke Zepar1137Please respect copyright.PENANAoKy9ro8qc8
17) Count/President Botis1137Please respect copyright.PENANA8pjh6nwqwD
18) Duke Bathin1137Please respect copyright.PENANAPCZG6lSNLh
19) Duke Sallos1137Please respect copyright.PENANAxATz27U9cb
20) King Purson1137Please respect copyright.PENANABJqod6hgSY
21) Count/President Marax1137Please respect copyright.PENANAQMeRvMokew
22) Count/Prince Ipos1137Please respect copyright.PENANAelBMkBdN2h
23) Duke Aim1137Please respect copyright.PENANAF13rXKm0qm
24) Marquis Naberius1137Please respect copyright.PENANA94OvhLLKkC
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1137Please respect copyright.PENANA4xTj8qztRg
26) Duke Buné1137Please respect copyright.PENANAiQlW3mtlpw
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1137Please respect copyright.PENANAJpaglfApnw
28) Duke Berith1137Please respect copyright.PENANA5bizMNvxmh
29) Duke Astaroth1137Please respect copyright.PENANA5iIVLPjGg4
30) Marquis Forneus1137Please respect copyright.PENANAdXPsq5DywO
31) President Foras1137Please respect copyright.PENANAaMMbe82TvU
32) King Asmoday1137Please respect copyright.PENANANEeFhYavQf
33) Prince/President Gäap1137Please respect copyright.PENANABvojhh5WZm
34) Count Furfur1137Please respect copyright.PENANAcIPAM63pWF
35) Marquis Marchosias1137Please respect copyright.PENANA7aSbFAE80n
36) Prince Stolas1137Please respect copyright.PENANAQ414IOtdsZ
37) Marquis Phenex1137Please respect copyright.PENANA2szAaLfqCe
38) Count Halphas1137Please respect copyright.PENANASQSyHcrKon
39) President Malphas1137Please respect copyright.PENANA1N7pFkyAa7
40) Count Räum1137Please respect copyright.PENANAZVW29fgnQF
41) Duke Focalor1137Please respect copyright.PENANAPELHO6815h
42) Duke Vepar1137Please respect copyright.PENANA2idiqj0u9k
43) Marquis Sabnock1137Please respect copyright.PENANAOmMgq3vwqa
44) Marquis Shax1137Please respect copyright.PENANAAwGPT4zvrZ
45) King/Count Viné1137Please respect copyright.PENANApY7yKSWgAB
46) Count Bifrons1137Please respect copyright.PENANAEGJB6KsHFs
47) Duke Vual1137Please respect copyright.PENANAnL2gYYrtiR
48) President Haagenti1137Please respect copyright.PENANADxKZYUcOCs
49) Duke Crocell1137Please respect copyright.PENANAwJHHZlYEtH
50) Knight Furcas1137Please respect copyright.PENANAFysPIfwdFs
51) King Balam1137Please respect copyright.PENANApoiVsNlszk
52) Duke Alloces1137Please respect copyright.PENANACXZAN9YMFY
53) President Caim1137Please respect copyright.PENANAQId7JWnD8r
54) Duke/Count Murmur1137Please respect copyright.PENANAIQLzbh1CMj
55) Prince Orobas1137Please respect copyright.PENANAGiTLcsBq2g
56) Duke Gremory1137Please respect copyright.PENANAljq2gKyA43
57) President Ose1137Please respect copyright.PENANAg5omVYUBUP
58) President Amy1137Please respect copyright.PENANAaAvydCiIjv
59) Marquis Orias1137Please respect copyright.PENANAuJPcjwtq7m
60) Duke Vapula1137Please respect copyright.PENANAFXXukGHEfM
61) King/President Zagan1137Please respect copyright.PENANAz6i5G7WVIz
62) President Valac1137Please respect copyright.PENANAl5tfcQctvp
63) Marquis Andras1137Please respect copyright.PENANAEa52n0Lclk
64) Duke Flauros1137Please respect copyright.PENANA6ggSmKJdzv
65) Marquis Andrealphus1137Please respect copyright.PENANAeGdFnxyerY
66) Marquis Kimaris1137Please respect copyright.PENANAr9QOTcIn0j
67) Duke Amdusias1137Please respect copyright.PENANAcpqrZfyyMp
68) King Belial1137Please respect copyright.PENANA0LsNFQVRP3
69) Marquis Decarabia1137Please respect copyright.PENANARNUgZu0bsM
70) Prince Seere1137Please respect copyright.PENANAxyEQzKSwzS
71) Duke Dantalion1137Please respect copyright.PENANAfRf4Q53yPK
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1137Please respect copyright.PENANAk9uQ3qMf0o
Ars Theurgia Goetia1137Please respect copyright.PENANA2rq41CuF9r
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1137Please respect copyright.PENANAfnDR8MWPYk
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Ars Paulina1137Please respect copyright.PENANACTr49Mh3SO
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1137Please respect copyright.PENANAhKWaDpZOCk
Ars Almadel1137Please respect copyright.PENANAUvcaBW7pHZ
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1137Please respect copyright.PENANAVGKdcCEnNS
Ars Notoria1137Please respect copyright.PENANAQCH266k8o4
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1137Please respect copyright.PENANAEsCO4rxCTb
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1137Please respect copyright.PENANAFqiZ9C0Vzu
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1137Please respect copyright.PENANAunZVsY8mql
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1137Please respect copyright.PENANAAwIPQUTDPl
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1137Please respect copyright.PENANA2LvDi2ObRR
5 Invidia (Envy)1137Please respect copyright.PENANAUmXpY4sXKA
6 Ira (wrath)1137Please respect copyright.PENANAaGd1aUqrnt
7 Acedia (sloth)1137Please respect copyright.PENANATfRDCRyxoU
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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