The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1141Please respect copyright.PENANAdMH5oJin5v
Ars Goetia1141Please respect copyright.PENANAIrWPkImnU5
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1141Please respect copyright.PENANA6BrpssrOqZ
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1141Please respect copyright.PENANAnd9ccGquCu
2) Duke Agares1141Please respect copyright.PENANA9RuIRYivCM
3) Prince Vassago1141Please respect copyright.PENANAIZV7XWtDxo
4) Marquis Samigina1141Please respect copyright.PENANAM918inqpCj
5) President Marbas1141Please respect copyright.PENANAQLG1c4ueuC
6) Duke Valefor1141Please respect copyright.PENANAHTUVUqstYZ
7) Marquis Amon1141Please respect copyright.PENANAWKmhbiZVOQ
8) Duke Barbatos1141Please respect copyright.PENANANC3OhxJCVF
9) King Paimon1141Please respect copyright.PENANAM8lMWlu4Qz
10) President Buer1141Please respect copyright.PENANAaynN5ZwYYk
11) Duke Gusion1141Please respect copyright.PENANAGSjwPlEP1A
12) Prince Sitri1141Please respect copyright.PENANA5TqVw1Fz8Q
13) King Beleth1141Please respect copyright.PENANATwqxP2ZJc7
14) Marquis Leraje1141Please respect copyright.PENANAxUK8ub9vcz
15) Duke Eligos1141Please respect copyright.PENANAQG1cBlf9oo
16) Duke Zepar1141Please respect copyright.PENANAP0zSqAq03y
17) Count/President Botis1141Please respect copyright.PENANAvXObFGOEQS
18) Duke Bathin1141Please respect copyright.PENANAVmkS7ADmSS
19) Duke Sallos1141Please respect copyright.PENANAAbIiGn6WPa
20) King Purson1141Please respect copyright.PENANAEadGYpn7ex
21) Count/President Marax1141Please respect copyright.PENANAJqPnjh0Eqi
22) Count/Prince Ipos1141Please respect copyright.PENANAilWjyQmb5k
23) Duke Aim1141Please respect copyright.PENANAYY9j7DCuO0
24) Marquis Naberius1141Please respect copyright.PENANAZynbPIEn55
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1141Please respect copyright.PENANAiTHhzONV46
26) Duke Buné1141Please respect copyright.PENANA04FEoMY3mf
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1141Please respect copyright.PENANAH6QO2ZaKu2
28) Duke Berith1141Please respect copyright.PENANA9lGWcdDT0U
29) Duke Astaroth1141Please respect copyright.PENANAWtqRdoURD2
30) Marquis Forneus1141Please respect copyright.PENANA2z3YXopddO
31) President Foras1141Please respect copyright.PENANAJVlgXm3Sgk
32) King Asmoday1141Please respect copyright.PENANAUbEE2tX9Qp
33) Prince/President Gäap1141Please respect copyright.PENANAvse81dhPZq
34) Count Furfur1141Please respect copyright.PENANAUjjOpIsXmj
35) Marquis Marchosias1141Please respect copyright.PENANAzldDFEQkqn
36) Prince Stolas1141Please respect copyright.PENANAPM8kQUFQhM
37) Marquis Phenex1141Please respect copyright.PENANAF2IoxZgmau
38) Count Halphas1141Please respect copyright.PENANALbISHE31gx
39) President Malphas1141Please respect copyright.PENANAMXh14gvGBU
40) Count Räum1141Please respect copyright.PENANA1NDpKCgcgW
41) Duke Focalor1141Please respect copyright.PENANAJWz824NMNf
42) Duke Vepar1141Please respect copyright.PENANAXwSmpk8IoP
43) Marquis Sabnock1141Please respect copyright.PENANA6sTwBdVEyH
44) Marquis Shax1141Please respect copyright.PENANA4AyY3R6M7a
45) King/Count Viné1141Please respect copyright.PENANA1iUNwqY2Qi
46) Count Bifrons1141Please respect copyright.PENANA1LiOAj4wpY
47) Duke Vual1141Please respect copyright.PENANAaRfBffCBdz
48) President Haagenti1141Please respect copyright.PENANAu3e1kOgnvo
49) Duke Crocell1141Please respect copyright.PENANAQOXdHlxOVe
50) Knight Furcas1141Please respect copyright.PENANAqbm0rrZnZy
51) King Balam1141Please respect copyright.PENANAGYSJdrVyxv
52) Duke Alloces1141Please respect copyright.PENANAd91VwWC8iP
53) President Caim1141Please respect copyright.PENANAaembViIsfu
54) Duke/Count Murmur1141Please respect copyright.PENANAYl1ubsrMNg
55) Prince Orobas1141Please respect copyright.PENANAlHa0iRWrrr
56) Duke Gremory1141Please respect copyright.PENANABXWS6BcMbw
57) President Ose1141Please respect copyright.PENANAB6mzpHKXc5
58) President Amy1141Please respect copyright.PENANA2Q8wPTRzb2
59) Marquis Orias1141Please respect copyright.PENANAuf6JTMOtwN
60) Duke Vapula1141Please respect copyright.PENANAWkj1vjCKmL
61) King/President Zagan1141Please respect copyright.PENANAo4K1RY5leZ
62) President Valac1141Please respect copyright.PENANAdLp1Ypu9hW
63) Marquis Andras1141Please respect copyright.PENANAZqTSU2t9o7
64) Duke Flauros1141Please respect copyright.PENANAYYqTD4IS2h
65) Marquis Andrealphus1141Please respect copyright.PENANAnQGDvJMiHo
66) Marquis Kimaris1141Please respect copyright.PENANAlHVq8tawRR
67) Duke Amdusias1141Please respect copyright.PENANAaH6HwGEB7r
68) King Belial1141Please respect copyright.PENANApL3Hx1kzle
69) Marquis Decarabia1141Please respect copyright.PENANAUj70jdIXHj
70) Prince Seere1141Please respect copyright.PENANAJwh6q74jg3
71) Duke Dantalion1141Please respect copyright.PENANA0F5qeHjqDo
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1141Please respect copyright.PENANAzrMgG8rar8
Ars Theurgia Goetia1141Please respect copyright.PENANAE57wdRz1NJ
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1141Please respect copyright.PENANADUWES6xpNr
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Ars Paulina1141Please respect copyright.PENANAKL0cX7OYXa
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1141Please respect copyright.PENANAfYSB7RLA3Y
Ars Almadel1141Please respect copyright.PENANAwc3VBZU2Ip
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1141Please respect copyright.PENANAQGMgkNEwhS
Ars Notoria1141Please respect copyright.PENANAKAYtT3GCJV
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1141Please respect copyright.PENANAOPD8WnMbRJ
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1141Please respect copyright.PENANApeaKfL3gbV
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1141Please respect copyright.PENANArVyISoiet3
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1141Please respect copyright.PENANAVy7kL8z98W
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1141Please respect copyright.PENANAH6t9Wqq8iu
5 Invidia (Envy)1141Please respect copyright.PENANAQWjrGqhIYG
6 Ira (wrath)1141Please respect copyright.PENANAtMed8L4Uk1
7 Acedia (sloth)1141Please respect copyright.PENANA5DzUbxmLep
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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