The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfk4BdZwZWU
Ars Goetia1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU69dt9Uhhw
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ58HkyDxo82
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡysCbOdGCbZ
2) Duke Agares1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4RNxYSB0ne
3) Prince Vassago1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEO8aRQx9N9
4) Marquis Samigina1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9aQ0TqSGh6
5) President Marbas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAZyUMYPjzL
6) Duke Valefor1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEWoAgyrdYy
7) Marquis Amon1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEAt24yZPew
8) Duke Barbatos1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqkbaGQo2Bi
9) King Paimon1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3TZcpslClu
10) President Buer1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2OpoATPDys
11) Duke Gusion1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGuJn99vLeW
12) Prince Sitri1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBLJfHc0uQa
13) King Beleth1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEfpiR6pt0T
14) Marquis Leraje1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLeBwT6nZpk
15) Duke Eligos1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1gsyo86zjK
16) Duke Zepar1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrWOeoF48c7
17) Count/President Botis1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWjWRaBN9eq
18) Duke Bathin1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnAIvy7iGGD
19) Duke Sallos1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTHia8N96B5
20) King Purson1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡst6UtP5HoV
21) Count/President Marax1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGqV62qh427
22) Count/Prince Ipos1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXbTU4Qz3wE
23) Duke Aim1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQWycLit0oA
24) Marquis Naberius1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOSOsq1830s
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlBkOqIEOA6
26) Duke Buné1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhMd7sCCr6l
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡegXWTjMTFM
28) Duke Berith1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9BKajH9PMN
29) Duke Astaroth1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC3Oa0tzoEX
30) Marquis Forneus1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlprxSFGr31
31) President Foras1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYXpOKKfXWh
32) King Asmoday1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5pnxw0c2Jm
33) Prince/President Gäap1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdC8mr2qwbA
34) Count Furfur1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfQH5Qq91de
35) Marquis Marchosias1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡntSTlvKAoj
36) Prince Stolas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL1aVhWja7m
37) Marquis Phenex1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCbkSm3eUJg
38) Count Halphas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡktUzTUGOsO
39) President Malphas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmIg6AYNFH5
40) Count Räum1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSPGDttM7NG
41) Duke Focalor1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡio5nmnv5Ig
42) Duke Vepar1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdNvg5CMkTh
43) Marquis Sabnock1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEdNSsrX6Lw
44) Marquis Shax1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ773hXI2X1r
45) King/Count Viné1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWro3AhvaZH
46) Count Bifrons1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvXvaQxRn9I
47) Duke Vual1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGRt3fPtQ8W
48) President Haagenti1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXlW5XFVyPT
49) Duke Crocell1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUxShQYuXvf
50) Knight Furcas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡicvkYHXv8b
51) King Balam1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgXHj0REVMT
52) Duke Alloces1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwyQO5j18Wa
53) President Caim1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡThQPrGPhl9
54) Duke/Count Murmur1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ15IDqoUD1L
55) Prince Orobas1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡofyrbLYETW
56) Duke Gremory1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXXs3BRqv5u
57) President Ose1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcG2rGzsNMG
58) President Amy1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvXJow3NTrv
59) Marquis Orias1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH2Lojz9eBm
60) Duke Vapula1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡof05zzSF2P
61) King/President Zagan1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIT0zj0DeN6
62) President Valac1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCUO4ge63ch
63) Marquis Andras1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoSq9AgGqhY
64) Duke Flauros1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR5x7ZYCHnR
65) Marquis Andrealphus1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL7a55kYGsa
66) Marquis Kimaris1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo8d3EccVxz
67) Duke Amdusias1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC1kJ1yier6
68) King Belial1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeK9sxI7XQ9
69) Marquis Decarabia1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjHIyuOMjYb
70) Prince Seere1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcxdpu1PSYC
71) Duke Dantalion1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMqaELUCiRP
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3gVx3J0Dgz
Ars Theurgia Goetia1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT90SWFDgeh
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvaSTe8Sjwp
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Ars Paulina1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ15sWZUt656
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3hyHvNxnPX
Ars Almadel1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs84fbAklds
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡELXf8IxRw4
Ars Notoria1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2L8TMvTijQ
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjNZmhS61k1
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE11nOQ6tHJ
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡttERUjdj30
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQMn7vSARrV
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1yUEf6OXc0
5 Invidia (Envy)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4BrNKgMaTS
6 Ira (wrath)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRykx6bjl8L
7 Acedia (sloth)1102Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqPnstb9GN7
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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