x
喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDs9LHoQ4mr
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgcJzGN9YF4
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMIvDy10d2u
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdNGIqPAwBp
因為河道較闊103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHzX4dk0leh
葡萄牙人都入到去探索103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDovlNZDuWw
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6BAv2dao7h
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRvaL39eqLY
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlh405u5eKD
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCNUn398HfI
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUuT7XLwwl6
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBAVAkruupE
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9zkcRtAFZY
攞到錢就買啲西方產物103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG9q9RiMqlD
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeDybOEbNMj
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMYMmKYdSrU
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfUFlzhJsi4
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIlkjxd8HRo
船係行唔到入去嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGmhggKEOww
交通非常唔方便103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtBh7hNO27v
各個部落亦都分得好散103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRtiZ1vlpqu
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡViirnboEoW
所以先畀佢有機可乘103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡivvsdPfru2
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyUpZrX4TVz
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaodqfwud96
舊稱史丹利瀑布103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYsivV5SrZK
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOBQmbuPmbF
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8073qYUNVN
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPkWbJ3LqZZ
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ28uW3nvUC5
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw4PHGokRMW
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpyfYDs3hpj
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMSkEmTm4wG
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFHEMZfuSFD
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRpBb3TfDvs
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUqub53obYo
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUWAuXI2sZs
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH9C9IgCoyx
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBtzNw59QED
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWMaGtApwHE
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqkre7KGnBG
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPgccdI4m15
北面係雨林南邊就草原103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAmF83CpnNk
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi8fnH3Orrd
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf3TWA2wuRh
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7o3JAQkA19
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSC5YBKegtr
由農業採礦開始103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT7VFR6MjiQ
再慢慢發展工業103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzruxtYCV19
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3pYEq9zemZ
不過佢冇時間咁做103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOPEjOhoUXF
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgj231crtVw
可以話係揹到成身街數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVuJ33jD5jX
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWgf6RkZRDB
唔好話發展呀103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡajV5Zsp22K
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR2FeAGDvmg
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHScKs3q8ve
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjeiFtiB4vO
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGnV8HDRZAH
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeXUKQSmKvn
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBHyGjihTH9
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7cUSWmcJ6N
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjj75Dfj8iq
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbOb2CXwDp5
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwgp6aON9jQ
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcevchvXLr5
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxgRHis416t
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGXnlPxklBn
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3hzT916jaE
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdxPsyoHMrK
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxirQdDwO8Q
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgDOqTOBOhv
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtlkt2ABgqz
透過呢啲條例同方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyIqJP7J4Lc
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7iKcDK8hew
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZIzmVghlVf
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl8EVNgddRj
咁邦政府同租界公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6FFKhDOdVN
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZdlbpLrTWT
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAoE1HcaSQd
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwjCJUO7JWj
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCxcEbMlF61
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQwJXt3pqxO
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡspiIjEZHRO
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWZraP9mkOq
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhsQtAcz48l
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFyWg5DcQQV
全長三百幾公里)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUbNboORZUy
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnXMLvQBpwR
好似人頭稅咁103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqtcB2Lm3iw
每個成年男人都有一個配額103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFLiX6aIWZU
由租界公司收取103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL5zahOfual
FP做稅吏追稅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9NRxxHoezm
...似曾相識103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd85NyIa5gm
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfEPobuL6wH
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2q8hOo87dn
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3jfckCZyie
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzIgz4DDZXN
而喺呢九個租界裡面103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEm46jWsvk1
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3bFLm1c6Fr
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMF7Y2Lm4IY
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbTOuynpkFv
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE90NIbBAF4
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1XgA1LEPsI
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXCFfmfaQgz
佢會以三年合約103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyx48jKSfHV
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNeiqkqayqt
呢個人工其實唔係咁高103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8HpETtTEuu
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYlg97sbRpb
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9HVygzJlLn
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1jY2W8DERs
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5T0sxjNFPy
(通常個target係佢管轄區內103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh1urtlgc4A
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡchYSAoGlxi
因為橡膠總值嘅2%103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxmRX0WTljH
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJyzAKuWJro
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO4YMTgABw6
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUcEEZ8dVWh
相等於而家63萬港紙左右103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ2AgHUIl5G
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSCmx4lLJ4z
(去Working Holiday三年103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0JVZHlFpR6
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5cPOv56G9D
但係如果唔到target嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlyK3YPVr9z
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdzA7ZftziL
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaM2ftADMqY
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiWYoDJdjEK
務求喺三年內賺夠走人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBmDyYajX2M
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMoAr5tnOmp
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡshMBbpOV76
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxYp7jI3l1V
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdGEDzdLDs8
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1M7ZSjzvaf
到戰爭完結時103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuxgi763cOd
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4i4JndKEiq
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUxYCznMFFI
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoKhd8d5T4Y
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrPYL43GOl
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfVqiqpPCff
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSbmvRjWG5I
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkKjSLB7YRd
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrDxGukClaV
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP6qYjSLoyL
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡypil6CKaVW
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrKfVFp8cYi
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCnb3ebxIM2
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPGoKImVdj6
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWBoDpxVRu
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkftLjKuNc3
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp3LYy3jp5a
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmRW8ybfnqa
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyHzPfBpd0c
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcSFf5sWX2C
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3Ws4r7lcZJ
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrXjGs2dFkp
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu9sbyvrzoQ
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9vHa2SyFce
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyBYOtsotOP
至於其他部分同阿媽呢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf0T3D2qCYb
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlfXlQ9jCOg
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZRZeTLpgMq
FP最常用嘅招數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlSep3X0Fsu
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0hkAZ4Ad7U
去逼佢地採集橡膠103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTvhzqD5gvT
面對咁嘅壓迫103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWWReDpJioQ
啲村民當然不滿啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdHz5APNwAi
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhqd1RXV079
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYHAYuOvBkX
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmKky9XGJMS
不過因為實力差距太大103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSvIQw2maYh
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqs5ACDcMLp
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzeLgFkn4py
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHO5OEq13pO
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzk3o3G4CYH
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVVSGaIo5Vd
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiDIhP3vOtC
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWGVa3Qw8a
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLxp6tREnw3
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡblw7p4n195
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ42ySz2YR2L
主要對外通道全部都有人把守103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUnE1micu7y
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsq4Ms06zZW
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMNkWiySUh5
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcRUua4pJRe
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4fTf0TBzM6
啲村民差唔多所有時間103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1zwDvn6J1R
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuHcBcz5bzV
而近乎完全冇回報103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXSzKTEkfZK
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs4OSUCV5xI
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKbEwrq8E6y
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ25CJa0u4b7
去換食物畀屋企人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAXgeAmub5z
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHaeJhigLjS
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg088jE9Ft7
所以飢荒係非常普遍103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdjBMN97xg9
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdLE8YknkBa
可以一家人一齊捱餓103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbeF1T13V7P
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1alY9tvUzU
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm8J7NCKU7a
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4Yt7aaXo2w
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlbVUyYacIL
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqFUmKtL8gy
橡膠嘅需求直線上升103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRjA1uSHvB5
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ht0LjdRRs
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7gWEPO0wph
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRP28YbDsC3
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW2pGLsMjP1
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc4z8dBUJMs
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoJm7jIpwv6
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnR8Eio1VOC
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSyJaJlglG1
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Fk4kI56ko
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQzUVFoSUHB
因為地心吸力103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR7mF8L0B0s
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWzhHoE8TPp
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHHTuuxLQhz
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZXecG4ZwvK
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvMFQFJzOH4
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMfBDsUrITy
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMUZ3acyHqO
但係喺1876年103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxRVY84nPDH
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvvTKCn5IX5
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXTVP1QHaND
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjEJ8LvgChe
主要來自一種攀藤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeC31v5n23T
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvZc0fKpOgl
通常會生到三十米以上103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNBgW2s3f7b
即係大概十幾層樓高103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6oOKc9GWRM
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVqCP1avsAD
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj5DgNnajqd
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4E2DdlPRf3
因為冇主要軀幹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpErPxaPkM5
啲乳液唔夠集中103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwdANyYUdsg
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf0NH38YU7g
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡegVbO12lwR
就係爬上樹頂103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzxITuUcrQS
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9XnW0QBQN6
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWESoRbUC2e
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAoFezTBUxX
仲非常晒時間103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7g6K7BcmYS
一日最多榨到兩至三棵103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6isXFK4xOY
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrxwmG5kal
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzs27Z52svQ
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe7KbLitDFb
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2sn2We5ZUn
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGC6pRHLTh0
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPyT4NOrg4Z
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZsHUlP3tr8
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbIQPPIJ4OH
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZdPxedElbl
令效率進一步降低103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3jWsLytSoY
以致到咗1890年代中期103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOyPHnHHrmE
一個成年男丁103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHpGp50ce2S
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrnvFsLgMdt
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa1FMp3z0MK
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4Bh8BnXR8B
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUAMDIi7REI
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0JXzey1n51
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU0tOlF4KBI
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi2mC7L2QF7
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡooG7qUso04
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxyLIBabYJN
以A.B.I.R.為例103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡugDdMocLrH
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqFIEUq66pv
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf0nr0zMTwy
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoOFTmgFwWo
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZIIV92MgcJ
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfLcJzezYUW
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlFDLZbqXwr
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyspf5XM6Vx
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdu2pP6fCHZ
同回購租界公司嘅股份103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmEE4wWwkBH
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCIpmyp9lQa
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhl3bljS5Ws
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmLKKAOvoby
比利時因此國泰民安103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBG7IunSaFg
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrzLsB8sYL8
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLOPkPiorQJ
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzMtPfLE1yk
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0XxgLTR85h
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEYZChIzuPb
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXFOCwH3d4O
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVJd8wEXGCk
...待續
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgkjrSHkCU5
