x
喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIMQmCp4od2
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRGyF3VuJBk
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Zam4jugYe
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1KuC2BfNEm
因為河道較闊95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡygJvqpFple
葡萄牙人都入到去探索95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7ui1DJ2Hkh
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdmJnuKFN5M
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4X5j5bwSA1
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0m0YSWnA90
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡarU6DWQBz3
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjBNAUdO1ky
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ00GboKsfy
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ06XXRIWydE
攞到錢就買啲西方產物95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9rtOFTjDSU
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgxkwgqaHD5
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcvleCFSzNm
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvgAYCshAiu
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTdklY45QcN
船係行唔到入去嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡciPlR4cseL
交通非常唔方便95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdmPCFzUzt8
各個部落亦都分得好散95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS6qKUR35jh
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7CtGGIPN3E
所以先畀佢有機可乘95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs6gj03xBLs
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9TzhdgmsRq
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzk2PI6eoKf
舊稱史丹利瀑布95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxYNNtyMrOU
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiRnHO7fvDa
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNtymS0AcmZ
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEfV394bExO
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYnTrWez8F0
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKwyMcJGFKj
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡddh0gzLgQI
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9tBEFMvVox
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKQaIOqMby9
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgaHHHmCc13
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeev71agR9q
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHNesSOYfZk
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDH1aGwCQHk
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdzYV0s44z0
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsyGgIhZ2ab
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxO5H3eh26p
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKzYCjyuvzr
北面係雨林南邊就草原95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVHRYqTpqnd
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCJKbKC99xH
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNS8bvr0Azm
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtsxp8Ive0k
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC7qXyrlwQ4
由農業採礦開始95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm7jcgEVwHD
再慢慢發展工業95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv75zBu0spl
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRCgOC1XUS4
不過佢冇時間咁做95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6zMreebOYo
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdjAdkHijHA
可以話係揹到成身街數95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjjkIQRF8ec
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Ep7PfBxSA
唔好話發展呀95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7Sj8xEiu44
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaWVR6DVBvR
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6SXjvS09N7
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsYdRgkPD8p
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOBnV5MH43Q
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh1rOUrjfHJ
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPcP4Jx6Fly
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1tqi3sCrwC
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdvCJY4Odl6
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmNnPhQGASo
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRm2pmRbTDW
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdqBQ2ocJQ8
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk9znP18D3F
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVfmQrpLqlU
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhRASQfYx67
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4OR164oZM
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHBhUvJcLrq
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDF6KK9n2Qy
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL0L9TjXWO8
透過呢啲條例同方法95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoPLOd9M0Rh
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAYlzD847wL
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgc8vEKxHfF
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdrqgNM1SMJ
咁邦政府同租界公司95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFThehvsi3t
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSKFqnN2vSY
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMsan1H9XQ3
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPJw3dPgscK
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVufdlDz7Z0
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPN3hK1cv0y
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu0hz754RzN
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtKAEpjP4C4
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0ZwpSjbv4w
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmSeYeFmvEL
全長三百幾公里)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9ie1r9JcIx
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKS7B14wrpn
好似人頭稅咁95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWsdLKSdeQB
每個成年男人都有一個配額95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBSjWRYd9RN
由租界公司收取95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKsRiy8JXQ7
FP做稅吏追稅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYlnmA56IuS
...似曾相識95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuA18xB4nXZ
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9vYEUSccOL
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV5wwirTepI
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡre9KZlQLW3
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoB6PtXPPX7
而喺呢九個租界裡面95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGLFUSxRfEZ
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj7NDGzXoQI
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeuuP1X0bnx
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVnHWXOIwqu
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdLhQkIlwLG
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGem4JZkDyK
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZUBbFali3n
佢會以三年合約95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeT3iCdsogI
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzHGDFpEaPT
呢個人工其實唔係咁高95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc2oqCKOM6g
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnTwnN0RxTX
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhLJkmlaG1w
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwATTHgjNUz
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8wJuo59qs2
(通常個target係佢管轄區內95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcpMVzX11Oc
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwRDTAFLPBH
因為橡膠總值嘅2%95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡznKsP60GjJ
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ5GvzyhRP8
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPJ2rX10BzU
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjVkMBL3i7B
相等於而家63萬港紙左右95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM25bRhTLAM
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡroPWanJnhU
(去Working Holiday三年95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVJ14YpEAWi
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlgmszwXCIM
但係如果唔到target嘅話95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFVdRwajIko
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3Bry9X45bb
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPPBQoGiQCM
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt4dVXYZBGV
務求喺三年內賺夠走人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrI2Ny06V3F
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOy80dWHZjD
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEUhgA1oIGT
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡurrGCivaVy
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7jDRqeNKrN
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlKYih2tKW3
到戰爭完結時95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwbIT8QoZys
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYo0Mr6ItyJ
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlJCXn4s8yX
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpomGwyhZE0
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6duD6mLu15
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzMVRN456Wc
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqD1M19NZ8Y
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXnErlywgNr
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ26Hl4VTOE3
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1l44WGDvpH
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlhto69kZfe
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpHbZ4NIgW6
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ175fZN93Gz
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWbVqmG4HQ9
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6CPCvHqr8K
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡERxtsbNlRl
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZG8nebW72g
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiYc9n87Vim
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuo1by9NXhv
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS2aPMmrxbP
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUd4NTUFlA5
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0uJVqcjayc
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJksMeK9ANe
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj3NXNU8Wdn
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUfzZoovHqu
至於其他部分同阿媽呢95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm7UU92rXUv
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDxcoP0QA13
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHYxsubeojM
FP最常用嘅招數95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcqT4i0wUBV
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoBqygxYqZq
去逼佢地採集橡膠95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqexHGu55zd
面對咁嘅壓迫95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmOfNuafP6o
啲村民當然不滿啦95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcDwFgLEhdo
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjPoUETxr31
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJrC4JJVufp
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXyYUsPh0w0
不過因為實力差距太大95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKxYx4R2deA
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv2BVeKOo4R
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnTOHH2zCfV
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3gEFao7yky
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi96OgkViwx
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlUN2bXDCJb
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWwXPms3zbg
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8rxAPmLJEo
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8T9djXbEa
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQuxdM48sRY
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIPPa54ly15
主要對外通道全部都有人把守95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE8RQcTQlGU
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp96RLKNFJC
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWVnzKdpeCO
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHkRpnp55IT
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAP5vivatJt
啲村民差唔多所有時間95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA1zHpr4SMI
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIwfh07ogem
而近乎完全冇回報95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1l30b7lWzp
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfxh7JrMIky
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ9JwBBPyuq
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGkmOsjsFg8
去換食物畀屋企人95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrLH87j0qz7
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDfhChOyZPg
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQY5WEh6YRo
所以飢荒係非常普遍95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUiky0Dgdbo
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWQiHDnhJEZ
可以一家人一齊捱餓95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0PIfdUC5Ko
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcNDNEV4Uau
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhI8uhoHoFj
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWHWH2py8oB
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm3CO4zaW3H
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk8T5Y0etiI
橡膠嘅需求直線上升95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3vUHKAlrUL
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsU3fZs3wrB
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpS15lsMY1d
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMBmh2S0rF3
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH27l9WeYBi
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMzT2GYSn8L
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAaPrEKhrWM
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ryTduXvaa
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo9Z7dxcBqf
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7vQkb4TnBv
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4SQGiBBCcw
因為地心吸力95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiO7bTqJFZg
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOU9MUlimA2
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5gslvlh7pJ
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi8FjcAKRgT
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7V2hNRoLph
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ZHcVnz5Fg
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡysY2xw27iW
但係喺1876年95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXxqxOWe7lH
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuumz540VSj
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiDBwrm8OOv
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu45B4v0Wv8
主要來自一種攀藤95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpYybyOoMoy
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrCEVIg0slT
通常會生到三十米以上95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa0MlH5Crew
即係大概十幾層樓高95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7liqDK9Sm1
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGGZ8AbJeW4
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3SKK8esxs2
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZnmCSP0IIe
因為冇主要軀幹95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAqfdOIP1h6
啲乳液唔夠集中95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHnU2EGAAEi
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYXwO0CXXne
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9EpKRi6Yb2
就係爬上樹頂95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMoT50KmtUa
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWpifq6Ieh6
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRWTkCc1PgA
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIzWwXF4nR4
仲非常晒時間95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7IXvaEB9Iy
一日最多榨到兩至三棵95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU0Kpe8rcjP
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfmRc0Ki48w
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3hZaXf3cIR
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcOwkL8rbGP
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUijT0md4Ei
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFyQ4UYtRvM
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBiS5xR7ksj
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCnnKXgP5fq
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJLpeDZe9sf
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtQt1BGttB6
令效率進一步降低95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSwt1MfMuXo
以致到咗1890年代中期95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi4wWXk1VaZ
一個成年男丁95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt4vau8VRwM
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMwVoBSa4JD
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9g2kQFx80h
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0pGGYB30Pi
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9UNvwvkdnP
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpV0uQ7IIFu
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVRhP1OYoDF
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8HNpTBQPFq
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTCsgeNnd8a
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlVP4JQ5KHN
以A.B.I.R.為例95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcMJdHrZFOe
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyIbnxyTDLj
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU2ed0FiGWR
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzFOPIxhBFC
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwZumf180fa
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJLPjbd3nLV
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgB0icu10j8
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcCD1Yiw0T2
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6HnxQXDJ96
同回購租界公司嘅股份95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBgMcSKkrpb
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWLD4X7wdLL
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaeuWPar5Ux
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPwvfLwEc9I
比利時因此國泰民安95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlshpAdmGDT
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPStxRb4rBm
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlC4M0PNgJm
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeDg0LcFyRc
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYoxS5Dh0hC
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYYWHqqhWC6
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAzKGCXK8Jw
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuQRu0YeSBl
...待續
95Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdv1WHXvEnH
