x
喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡa0Y6sy40tS
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLaGR2WR3aj
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEXO8Pa3rxh
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYdgIWbEeJ6
因為河道較闊67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1jPlvtuYke
葡萄牙人都入到去探索67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3lJ41lHkez
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0G4PGLrtQI
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrsjJQELZnC
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlYSlhWMJTR
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9jxmKrd7lE
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡafy8GT5rM9
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡShT7PLGODg
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr28Av3yMSe
攞到錢就買啲西方產物67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLikEHkyLtX
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBgB9zI7Pp7
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBg9gTwU2AE
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZbOyFlHeIJ
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZYY1K2l9HD
船係行唔到入去嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYRwS78nYRs
交通非常唔方便67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyDt37btvtU
各個部落亦都分得好散67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQnBn8mvmBj
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡytmu8lkGzl
所以先畀佢有機可乘67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsezYfOwo2W
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv3YU2Rp3Qd
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh3aQsIwVdq
舊稱史丹利瀑布67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDbocfnFdlg
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEXaok7ol9Z
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGEqJhVen50
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe16uSMzBsy
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvbvoFDMIKD
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN3k4jiy7bW
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs1Y2CF4MjJ
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlUDEeOFIsj
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl6pBVSe285
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKuMvmirOS3
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPNQTBRcYXI
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyfeZQc1AtN
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHLbgfvQFs4
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzMU8a30xNK
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDvZo5YTfRX
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRC5rBzgocG
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡC4yDuAWVXt
北面係雨林南邊就草原67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUn1aCW9Xpv
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc1Ki44jUlS
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAwbzVRYbwW
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWrOAElnfMS
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdncfbrPMC2
由農業採礦開始67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnHAsYBZtZy
再慢慢發展工業67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNHuyKk4EOZ
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDrXalSe2nj
不過佢冇時間咁做67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFQc0zdYpKC
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxnGKWRmqse
可以話係揹到成身街數67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEJsp2ZLmsH
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4zhXK5oEsq
唔好話發展呀67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYXkCJhTDsu
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2DgQUouHE2
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpiKGr4kcPh
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaI8lpMPilt
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY12PE3szTJ
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg95fRhmXDh
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFQA2m52LZa
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdbnFk3H3a1
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3mFEBVZQjW
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXwJnLSk3uQ
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSuucxxAHFC
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwtqnRcCGOm
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbLgG3UR0cj
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡncnUxz2NN5
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJywxR84fyz
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ96NXKAidxp
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY86IsAb2kt
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhi0b75dakO
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSlJLMWoG9R
透過呢啲條例同方法67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbuvUHvpE47
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7vaVg15cTd
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuXPh3mmBQG
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyZa28pQUFO
咁邦政府同租界公司67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAmXqPyceaC
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIlMDL7Eidk
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqeRNoER23i
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTBv3TtURwf
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡg9VaSkzYnf
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTpfmmwzBFk
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn33eomJ1MV
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdJ7NKT7UA3
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXg0H8GEPqs
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ftpTOoTq8
全長三百幾公里)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTCn3VoNJtY
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSyDcF4rzZR
好似人頭稅咁67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡinAODXG55H
每個成年男人都有一個配額67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB3gbW1uzIu
由租界公司收取67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOprBVPbOiG
FP做稅吏追稅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3YYHZsm2KP
...似曾相識67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4ltm9j3R6S
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVKI9L7c9B3
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCnvOqiuWWo
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1sA5bAeH1b
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ttscjQPCb
而喺呢九個租界裡面67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHOO17ymXxy
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQacBc3dICK
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSWWvT6eX47
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCNU5YNq0a5
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzrahHxUCwS
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJFGc7u5KZy
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXpAtrsjhK4
佢會以三年合約67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgBIyoLJmjc
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk45vOFFOl7
呢個人工其實唔係咁高67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhTs2OU8LXr
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡh8ruLwptM1
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgvFiXcNi3x
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEuCpq6UBZz
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecn8WTIcFH
(通常個target係佢管轄區內67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNgxw4MNu8h
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7n7lTll7kh
因為橡膠總值嘅2%67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1eCMUbmuww
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6lmvwW0vYS
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFRQhFq2VTk
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡulnCF5k9bx
相等於而家63萬港紙左右67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoiUlwrgPYH
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOmzURGeTZq
(去Working Holiday三年67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU58ymLxq5C
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzp5dCqxHLs
但係如果唔到target嘅話67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvmJA7WfYIP
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ258ik915n2
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWLPHmbLRbD
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyT710nU2HI
務求喺三年內賺夠走人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr48KSiYMDf
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡixUN5VXCwQ
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGVO72hTIfH
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB9UjjgC8Fg
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8UXvc9IxG3
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkeFUFxbd2q
到戰爭完結時67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlSjrhz8flu
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRIQRFCEbr1
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡybxk2VC4M4
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6ddbHJxvU0
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRGlYOCG2zv
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYI3IV6JbC2
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDP9WeF5oIV
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdy3dhtnFS3
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2UpqlSrseX
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn4280AkFDP
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRxWxQjG7ky
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPGXq4mSvJP
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOrI7MINjOS
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡemrkuyQTwy
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVYlEIWLxMR
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7rbr1UkFa8
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgBvBkYBkHP
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSF5Tq8pPlj
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgsv6Z0QiHb
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNerXsfvECj
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKmLfGbGjhS
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMA3DNgMotv
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0W4Q7or7BL
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzVg8OUVhbQ
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYFO7jgEnX9
至於其他部分同阿媽呢67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzVwqdneoAE
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4wCoMnzpZj
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6Y7JbmtoTN
FP最常用嘅招數67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlAsUeYosWT
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9CyRZjLM34
去逼佢地採集橡膠67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeVtbKsz7Xd
面對咁嘅壓迫67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfaTpJjl8Sg
啲村民當然不滿啦67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡndk32wOyjN
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe142FsMGxV
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbufomaLzeX
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡISwSYCBpyn
不過因為實力差距太大67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdcAten9Wap
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3LQLDaIKho
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUGMjwuk6mY
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9gSJQ0mwpd
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc1UjN6EIBp
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡojmDLz8lqE
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9sHyviwWoe
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9NKCOaOw4E
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ58iqnIB9bG
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuwrWhgrLLm
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2vRk9XkNM2
主要對外通道全部都有人把守67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMlTyN10pnH
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9Rqz2erLnX
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡloshhSZRUD
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8m72ekw1hY
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUOLTZjIaGH
啲村民差唔多所有時間67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ3GCVIqdjk
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1FB0xFNZRJ
而近乎完全冇回報67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxn93zZLrWG
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTd6S4C7nno
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ286UsETxwx
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGC68ydZWQP
去換食物畀屋企人67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm5CfQIQGci
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNiTPociEyS
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFPkjrvDOjm
所以飢荒係非常普遍67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYFjNKwv5nW
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgfzPqfQpdp
可以一家人一齊捱餓67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt2mAYbPNWB
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdlM1wy3zbX
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPgJS1AU6cW
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvt05dkHRFx
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrb54XGWq7Q
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8oBx3641nJ
橡膠嘅需求直線上升67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3zcNU2wrvz
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlYB8HxEP0O
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc5m5d1ih8z
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV0RlHL52FP
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiJa62YWK0u
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPmB0CzPVD4
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb6KcT3C5Mx
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrFnqJQi5dZ
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡumzciYZNro
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBGd7WrfX6Y
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsLKhlWNdlT
因為地心吸力67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUjdK6dyxrE
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuXrB9D6nsl
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWTMOCS0Ydi
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeQ7MkrGcXp
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUUZuIvdXny
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9MuYIDHnfd
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtPMxB45o0B
但係喺1876年67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ1VJcPK2nc
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiJ4KL0gUfl
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeBrKF5WeIn
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYiOVa4jhKK
主要來自一種攀藤67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuBiYeG5LIy
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHBL2ZESb2X
通常會生到三十米以上67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWzjZcJ1shh
即係大概十幾層樓高67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhdLql2lsSP
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxfFS8Q3nZe
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1c5CUaX6aQ
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXjaFOMdvGD
因為冇主要軀幹67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5DFPiLuzgu
啲乳液唔夠集中67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY2RnGTsx0a
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO42JQv0BZd
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU1f9kmCCQf
就係爬上樹頂67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFu80QL8f9W
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLonOlB7Vfl
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ7R14cj8V0
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAaqa8JGTSG
仲非常晒時間67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv3xJrqIZzW
一日最多榨到兩至三棵67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdCgBFPwhfV
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8eXR6BkVlz
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHO09Uf0TFt
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhUSfHo9pfe
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFyd0KzMZLz
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNKUzUn6p1Z
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDl1YmWkYiu
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ24v2RZdRNF
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcYKbVggrNf
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn5ycWaR8vd
令效率進一步降低67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOcN12IEeYy
以致到咗1890年代中期67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfENsLtH82e
一個成年男丁67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2bCnKWG9pR
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMDeBfd3oCZ
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQZfABXrncf
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY0Fy6bCCdO
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQL57MxE5WB
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡry82h9PEf7
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMksByCtZn5
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOcV1xPtdGp
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2goExqTc2t
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTmy6tQzfuX
以A.B.I.R.為例67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLtMVeOfQhc
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGFcDSXvYDI
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkrdrYNzu1n
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGsoOrTum2N
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYoIgYAcJCX
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrawlViWyHb
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc7P65ZyNwX
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtmLH9wpmK1
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxg3pM7tIpf
同回購租界公司嘅股份67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZoMP00S9lL
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaxPTVDjo65
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvPWi2S3XV8
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv4pRhVgshO
比利時因此國泰民安67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy8XGZhUCTF
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxUXmsOhE0A
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡieeOrV75Zh
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV16JuIOCRO
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXL6aAXTOSg
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3tBMLcRJ1e
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5WUa6i0SJN
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdkXEgmKfi6
...待續
67Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMxzJhZt9KN
