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正如上面所講173Please respect copyright.PENANANmgakirXD2
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒173Please respect copyright.PENANAhGUjyawUm2
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍173Please respect copyright.PENANAkQb8mpKFfY
規模實在太細173Please respect copyright.PENANAPyQutJx568
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展173Please respect copyright.PENANA1oDwPTsT5V
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊173Please respect copyright.PENANAOJbBHhs7UD
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指173Please respect copyright.PENANANLkdHz4N19
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號173Please respect copyright.PENANArDfTd5R2Wa
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇173Please respect copyright.PENANATVfxS3rJfj
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因173Please respect copyright.PENANAvGLwKAIq74
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展173Please respect copyright.PENANAmEYdEsS83m
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭173Please respect copyright.PENANAIUrnAKh5pt
例如喺1867年尾173Please respect copyright.PENANA6zsroxxXXr
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥173Please respect copyright.PENANAeGfNTwXrS2
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港173Please respect copyright.PENANApNkr6qQvco
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停173Please respect copyright.PENANATPl6i0qR2o
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國173Please respect copyright.PENANA7bySME9N1A
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)173Please respect copyright.PENANAnooHwnHE3W
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚173Please respect copyright.PENANAnxzoaNepK7
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國173Please respect copyright.PENANAulbiaNM5WZ
以德國個地理位置173Please respect copyright.PENANAlhhQleEKeg
發展遠洋艦隊173Please respect copyright.PENANA6CNRqV8nKr
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源173Please respect copyright.PENANAtgFs2bRQq9
冇強大嘅海軍173Please respect copyright.PENANAmwTqrB65I5
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人173Please respect copyright.PENANAXLYQdJbueh
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦173Please respect copyright.PENANA5Cu0lIyvJ7
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往173Please respect copyright.PENANAwwx0LstqHw
喺1860年代中期開始173Please respect copyright.PENANAuqAljLn5Qk
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後173Please respect copyright.PENANALA5O6lB90d
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情173Please respect copyright.PENANAl6CJ1bWVm6
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團173Please respect copyright.PENANAbd1BYzX3eZ
諗住入去分一杯羹173Please respect copyright.PENANAg6WhyXDhYe
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國173Please respect copyright.PENANAbf8Zxk93lF
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國173Please respect copyright.PENANAZEHg0TDLfX
因為有國家機器加持173Please respect copyright.PENANAwm6srbI9G0
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAoG3O3DTHAI
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAmD929FAyrJ
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中173Please respect copyright.PENANAcAaPmHZWmu
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動173Please respect copyright.PENANAqVKfIMdnU6
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好173Please respect copyright.PENANADY4vxAfCnO
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場173Please respect copyright.PENANActa6tT2epi
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAnhTZy65CW9
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後173Please respect copyright.PENANA2Zpk4vQSEv
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟173Please respect copyright.PENANAWFclIzZonP
而德奧意三國同盟173Please respect copyright.PENANAsi07PDlOJ6
以及三帝同盟續期173Please respect copyright.PENANAVGiUjUKaTU
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎173Please respect copyright.PENANABHO2zsdEBS
至少係表面上啦173Please respect copyright.PENANACNmeQZUgpY
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄173Please respect copyright.PENANAOP7Msz2E6f
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAsoEyHWn3zS
另一方面173Please respect copyright.PENANAryxZmNOQ8c
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易173Please respect copyright.PENANAU1d8uvtu9D
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點173Please respect copyright.PENANAmXW8LAAdEr
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上173Please respect copyright.PENANACwfS11Vkvf
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同173Please respect copyright.PENANA8IWji27jNK
呢啲殖民地爭議173Please respect copyright.PENANA3jiaVam3hX
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫173Please respect copyright.PENANA4hdLFAaGwu
德國要參與其中173Please respect copyright.PENANAPLXmj3X5ft
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話173Please respect copyright.PENANAL6popGAshd
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠173Please respect copyright.PENANAZBFBpjj5HP
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手173Please respect copyright.PENANALDSt7uuUoP
先可以埋枱玩173Please respect copyright.PENANAzRRA2eRnvP
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張173Please respect copyright.PENANAPCi7LMzapt
喺1880年尾開始173Please respect copyright.PENANAS8otHb1b8f
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構173Please respect copyright.PENANAk0p4Yr4btR
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見173Please respect copyright.PENANAWDlbP0xy3x
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀173Please respect copyright.PENANA1HbJ9ArZqR
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;173Please respect copyright.PENANA7oB3bln8Zf
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅173Please respect copyright.PENANAW0ca1p37MD
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔173Please respect copyright.PENANAlDXRiox9Bp
於是德國喺一年間173Please respect copyright.PENANAsxNlZIMXex
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁173Please respect copyright.PENANAp5NrczD0cB
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫173Please respect copyright.PENANAiBFC6uofWf
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度173Please respect copyright.PENANA25o1m8TSDh
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權173Please respect copyright.PENANAifPLVoDzWm
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫173Please respect copyright.PENANAN4MkXms4lh
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇173Please respect copyright.PENANACa7VsuhTDP
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANASqz1vintcC
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話173Please respect copyright.PENANAkFo9lpGpVF
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務173Please respect copyright.PENANA2yQvTymfCl
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店173Please respect copyright.PENANAZk789ZRoxq
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上173Please respect copyright.PENANAnk5mxpcVvp
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAMSIicvEo9w
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國173Please respect copyright.PENANABVfslZv5Wk
而係啲私人企業173Please respect copyright.PENANAIJkpFCMMZ2
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAYAQskBQbgV
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇173Please respect copyright.PENANAjAhBMNbAC1
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大173Please respect copyright.PENANAsdgYFm7JW1
佢要嘅效果173Please respect copyright.PENANAh31t1KUGJ1
就係用最低成本173Please respect copyright.PENANARJcxwYOy5O
令德國喺短時間內173Please respect copyright.PENANAysYx4qCmIf
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地173Please respect copyright.PENANAKOco4sxsGh
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽173Please respect copyright.PENANAr8ntSzLYZA
德國作為老三要做嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAVdjN4pN7dE
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力173Please respect copyright.PENANApLlBTtI3Y0
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗173Please respect copyright.PENANA8HuajDlLZL
自己喺歐陸先會安穩173Please respect copyright.PENANAZhMSwaPV8v
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAsXBH1TaRLL
而家就爭咁張賭枱173Please respect copyright.PENANA8gDqQ9x1yQ
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合173Please respect copyright.PENANAQ0P8LnVEMK
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中173Please respect copyright.PENANAnHvMqZYJSy
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議173Please respect copyright.PENANAbn8U6NVH96
有越演越烈嘅趨勢173Please respect copyright.PENANA4nWaawZ14x
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙173Please respect copyright.PENANA02PmLz7Ta9
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟173Please respect copyright.PENANAIpBC0VufoL
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議173Please respect copyright.PENANACg5i8GMIlE
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地173Please respect copyright.PENANAmwzMkV8x3e
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)173Please respect copyright.PENANAkysDazRQ6x
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整173Please respect copyright.PENANAnM4rnP9AQw
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點173Please respect copyright.PENANAJ0ZFKDTIwi
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你173Please respect copyright.PENANAVFXy3oPBTx
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟173Please respect copyright.PENANA5bEQdnoGkX
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓173Please respect copyright.PENANAbQrzQcKt9s
都紛紛嚮應173Please respect copyright.PENANAieJbkPkRRq
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸173Please respect copyright.PENANAjp2cAhENUi
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家173Please respect copyright.PENANAUgWqjpdyoV
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織173Please respect copyright.PENANA5H7f6anABb
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)173Please respect copyright.PENANAgM4AcVk1OW
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別173Please respect copyright.PENANA0oKn9z1lWD
嗰時冇飛機173Please respect copyright.PENANAenMMFMYMJE
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會173Please respect copyright.PENANAhNxQqa40Sk
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事173Please respect copyright.PENANAiOB1u9VZWG
好似上次柏林會議173Please respect copyright.PENANAMhwXUdVzTr
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人173Please respect copyright.PENANAv1U3WXrGt7
相反今次嚟開會嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAGDC0tQn7cu
都係各國駐柏林大使173Please respect copyright.PENANAKqRMeETNc0
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAaqu7PAVxUI
每當要決定某啲事務時173Please respect copyright.PENANAYJgz0ED6mk
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首173Please respect copyright.PENANAKx2pho2enx
所以個會都拖到幾長吓173Please respect copyright.PENANAcaKjdcq8uW
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假173Please respect copyright.PENANAu501lBpqsg
總共開咗104日173Please respect copyright.PENANApGyFSNeKTs
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結173Please respect copyright.PENANAL6o2qDhzEN
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)173Please respect copyright.PENANAxGE3sxzmbW
咁從側面反映173Please respect copyright.PENANA24xJBHoetJ
喺嗰時對各國嚟講173Please respect copyright.PENANAWdIbcZxDcv
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大173Please respect copyright.PENANA8HqbLmntp2
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:173Please respect copyright.PENANARyxbdIkt6p
1)剛果盆地歸屬173Please respect copyright.PENANAICNedVz5Hz
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權173Please respect copyright.PENANAR1yigXjupq
3)何謂“有效佔據”173Please respect copyright.PENANArYhq8K7BhU
關於第一個問題173Please respect copyright.PENANAZZvu178Oam
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓173Please respect copyright.PENANAa6Lcp6h45C
我就唔係呢度重覆喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAXx9TRNIZu9
簡單重溫吓173Please respect copyright.PENANAYUIE61Z0sK
當時各國已經知道173Please respect copyright.PENANAUxgpbWebDN
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼173Please respect copyright.PENANAgiVA5yap4r
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇173Please respect copyright.PENANALbTgg06840
不過基於勢力平衡關係173Please respect copyright.PENANAv4o7qarfZM
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地173Please respect copyright.PENANAjH1cr52O2J
對各國都有好處173Please respect copyright.PENANA8pDDEpx8G7
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作173Please respect copyright.PENANAPcnBOnIXed
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫173Please respect copyright.PENANAf9YBOXpxf4
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果173Please respect copyright.PENANAqLF9sPARyw
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸173Please respect copyright.PENANAHuqoFAjRXN
而北岸就歸法國所有173Please respect copyright.PENANAWRTjpbv6Ci
就係咁173Please respect copyright.PENANAgeKmYGRQEL
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯173Please respect copyright.PENANAsEr6usvpiY
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先173Please respect copyright.PENANATMFts3hqYH
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議173Please respect copyright.PENANAPIBnI6gQ0X
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇173Please respect copyright.PENANACYXPpuIzDb
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議173Please respect copyright.PENANAQhxbAkc8w2
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯173Please respect copyright.PENANAtPFi2xCF41
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先173Please respect copyright.PENANAxrp4QrL924
唔使咁心急住173Please respect copyright.PENANACp0Yg8DFLK
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAcW13lOzZzi
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題173Please respect copyright.PENANAtZGgMM2SNf
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河173Please respect copyright.PENANAazMmLqjnZ4
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道173Please respect copyright.PENANA04G9bhfh65
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題173Please respect copyright.PENANAGFq0EHSXJL
其實就相對簡單173Please respect copyright.PENANAxvbFZuQ6Kk
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易173Please respect copyright.PENANAkdjTWwmlBb
所以航行自由係必須嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAAvWZ9ekUjO
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地173Please respect copyright.PENANAAqgxK9gP97
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益173Please respect copyright.PENANAfjRrmqZ6t4
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯173Please respect copyright.PENANA4xBklvBU3g
得得得你坐番低先173Please respect copyright.PENANA8oYe8tpzh4
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據173Please respect copyright.PENANARnd3UbjeE8
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題173Please respect copyright.PENANAe8qWYwuq4p
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法173Please respect copyright.PENANA1zlobsBBIB
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後173Please respect copyright.PENANAGJCRBAgcUi
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔173Please respect copyright.PENANAJ7a1C73NFQ
嗰度就歸佢173Please respect copyright.PENANARkBoCyeRBM
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地173Please respect copyright.PENANAcbcMpFdVJz
對後來者其實相當唔公平173Please respect copyright.PENANArgYd8S338k
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘173Please respect copyright.PENANAJPjm6lAMjZ
並顯示對當地有實質控制173Please respect copyright.PENANAtTUkmbqJgP
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等173Please respect copyright.PENANAmbL4mYA84f
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國173Please respect copyright.PENANA4KvOOF6201
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增173Please respect copyright.PENANAupOZXYHtFo
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAM1aC3064ap
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會173Please respect copyright.PENANAwsTDxxE14v
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國173Please respect copyright.PENANA56mRRWi7de
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場173Please respect copyright.PENANAL8yCSK5YFt
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上173Please respect copyright.PENANAvnVGrqVZ3q
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAIvgZTsve4j
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外173Please respect copyright.PENANAMRhtMygR9E
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地173Please respect copyright.PENANAQgnlcEvXCe
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地173Please respect copyright.PENANAPrGeHYxSZe
都劃晒畀佢173Please respect copyright.PENANA01NRxwSxTB
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊173Please respect copyright.PENANAJNBfrEki9Y
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表173Please respect copyright.PENANArIAOuRPCAo
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAUMprIYnDo8
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話173Please respect copyright.PENANAilwL0IwQew
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦173Please respect copyright.PENANABNEmDl2ZYA
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?173Please respect copyright.PENANA3K2iH76A4g
唔係㗎嘛173Please respect copyright.PENANAXFagSWxgi6
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制173Please respect copyright.PENANAQXpeDsuUoR
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度173Please respect copyright.PENANACwczpKKAUh
以剛果河口為例173Please respect copyright.PENANANvAtWpvRrr
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制173Please respect copyright.PENANAGiwBd70iSc
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件173Please respect copyright.PENANAyQX3UR4huu
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎173Please respect copyright.PENANA1QI1NwCV2G
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會173Please respect copyright.PENANAaTpELC2RtV
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉173Please respect copyright.PENANA0ADmf7jegy
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議173Please respect copyright.PENANApF2Yru1lmD
支持佢爭取剛果河口173Please respect copyright.PENANALdmZ3lWXY5
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面173Please respect copyright.PENANA3YD5rFyKfN
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒173Please respect copyright.PENANACOJnKbYxKS
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話173Please respect copyright.PENANAqipcIKUvj6
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜173Please respect copyright.PENANA1abcIhadry
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”173Please respect copyright.PENANAfB1Bylo1Ko
是為非洲版過三關173Please respect copyright.PENANAlnBKaTUHM1
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難173Please respect copyright.PENANA8ykPAbEYCq
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話173Please respect copyright.PENANACSBwAytwyZ
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”173Please respect copyright.PENANASE8sw5Okz1
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話173Please respect copyright.PENANA5DyG8UG2LU
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友173Please respect copyright.PENANACapbxte9Nj
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己173Please respect copyright.PENANAEA2Br08o5G
轉向支持國際剛果協會173Please respect copyright.PENANAyB9KGkcMRF
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口173Please respect copyright.PENANAyVQgDSlSH2
獲得完全嘅外交勝利173Please respect copyright.PENANA7gu3ry26nN
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割173Please respect copyright.PENANAi1g8KT4ZGh
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土173Please respect copyright.PENANAsvEhhNE4FC
自始成為一塊飛地173Please respect copyright.PENANAkEZp9nsiVs往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判173Please respect copyright.PENANAd7w7LFFq4K
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈173Please respect copyright.PENANANeDrZaYjUF
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAx1YoY2FKFF
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞173Please respect copyright.PENANA63EiHugoNj
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦173Please respect copyright.PENANATdH5mNAatg
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等173Please respect copyright.PENANA7Roi3H2Vnw
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生173Please respect copyright.PENANAFd0y4koDXk
冇錯173Please respect copyright.PENANAUA0LpHpDrN
唔只你地173Please respect copyright.PENANAhA5lIgmf2c
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜173Please respect copyright.PENANAbbwi8zv7zS
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言173Please respect copyright.PENANACripNy8r5y
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」173Please respect copyright.PENANAcLpoDrojcL
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地173Please respect copyright.PENANA3rrsAAfTGV
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割173Please respect copyright.PENANAUg68eO6tBd
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益173Please respect copyright.PENANA5nxgW9X0il
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼173Please respect copyright.PENANAoEUPQqPt7g
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAk4Lw3TnjxD
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANAlfVIlSDH8F
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界173Please respect copyright.PENANA8Bsa7eFecZ
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊173Please respect copyright.PENANAD0wl8YqiMt
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家173Please respect copyright.PENANApAuuIGn7Zm
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭173Please respect copyright.PENANAikMo7401UN
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併173Please respect copyright.PENANAD2urOz0cKW
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動173Please respect copyright.PENANA7Lq2KQ3eZW
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機173Please respect copyright.PENANATfA6jSUuEK
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事173Please respect copyright.PENANAfIjTIXRTCa
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講173Please respect copyright.PENANA6VfyCHi4mu
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到173Please respect copyright.PENANAlTWuukey6E
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割173Please respect copyright.PENANAfrIENbbuwH
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇173Please respect copyright.PENANAYtycymrH1V
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”173Please respect copyright.PENANAEO5eR5I2x1
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸173Please respect copyright.PENANAMvzOtPkc0n
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”173Please respect copyright.PENANA3GH6Kowkig
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”173Please respect copyright.PENANAXqAx5maTQV
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地173Please respect copyright.PENANAodYi7bVnyM
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區173Please respect copyright.PENANA9kFtk5nuae
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部173Please respect copyright.PENANALheYVWgNA9
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地173Please respect copyright.PENANAH49l6iynp9
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講173Please respect copyright.PENANAWrRhj5Rqpr
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先173Please respect copyright.PENANAVt54Ak3QDD
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAT8dMeWaVtA
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵173Please respect copyright.PENANABsat38yIXM
不過喺嗰時173Please respect copyright.PENANALDEtAgH886
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架173Please respect copyright.PENANAhjyiHd2dft
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕173Please respect copyright.PENANAzJZct1YQZG
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中173Please respect copyright.PENANAx1xXYfpgik
一步步拆解分岐173Please respect copyright.PENANAi2DaOUZUuw
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案173Please respect copyright.PENANAMRSEhXveWn
唔使動輒就要打要殺173Please respect copyright.PENANAxvf6emWZeu
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸173Please respect copyright.PENANA8xIOqGPoxQ
以發展佢嘅經濟173Please respect copyright.PENANAv3oEaDOSyS
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士173Please respect copyright.PENANAGmZlP7qfTd
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體173Please respect copyright.PENANAW6VBf4gmWW
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅173Please respect copyright.PENANA5m3rC9d7oq
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲173Please respect copyright.PENANAVMWCkCiiyK
終究有落幕嘅一日173Please respect copyright.PENANAqhNaXrMxSm
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時173Please respect copyright.PENANAX3b0Fsz905
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡173Please respect copyright.PENANANZS3v4Jo8t
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇173Please respect copyright.PENANApKjGi2QQRc
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶173Please respect copyright.PENANAcot3SfMICi
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦173Please respect copyright.PENANAOivaKYFw7f
1890年3月22號173Please respect copyright.PENANAuO23MCJYwa
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由173Please respect copyright.PENANAtWQNEGktQz
迫令佢辭職173Please respect copyright.PENANAeSge5UTSB8
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台173Please respect copyright.PENANAFgZISGK6AH
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解173Please respect copyright.PENANArOjn1BRo1h
對列強嚟講173Please respect copyright.PENANAaiQNo7kE0P
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴173Please respect copyright.PENANAdPpWkQPHQP
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈173Please respect copyright.PENANAfWEEZfsQqY
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾173Please respect copyright.PENANADYOxDtQ0J5
最終走向大戰⋯⋯173Please respect copyright.PENANAcnLQ9UvIU5
有時不禁會諗173Please respect copyright.PENANAgqdC5qjXZN
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎173Please respect copyright.PENANAW2MgjlQsJ5
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國173Please respect copyright.PENANAtRTbsn1KCv
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對173Please respect copyright.PENANAK75RGAfqS8
歷史會唔會改寫呢?173Please respect copyright.PENANAEiwMIYb01o
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?173Please respect copyright.PENANAI6pmdyzNXv共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?173Please respect copyright.PENANAPOxzfC3cbX
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我173Please respect copyright.PENANAR94DHit6N6
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
173Please respect copyright.PENANAN91Y6ieK7S
-完-
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