
好喇而家就講埋俾斯麥點解要開切餅大會153Please respect copyright.PENANARNvsiMgzS3
正如上面所講153Please respect copyright.PENANAyo1F8s1XYu
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒153Please respect copyright.PENANAPd6mmWXeqQ
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍153Please respect copyright.PENANArTY46VUh0n
規模實在太細153Please respect copyright.PENANAdDfCD2dRqx
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展153Please respect copyright.PENANACL4IQi6h5M
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊153Please respect copyright.PENANA62PgD7iY7a
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指153Please respect copyright.PENANA5mnn94yFsd
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號153Please respect copyright.PENANACc6HxlpIkR
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAsXcmoS9KoP
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因153Please respect copyright.PENANAKp5EJOfIGj
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展153Please respect copyright.PENANAbqriaTl5p7
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭153Please respect copyright.PENANArLQExfRIKg
例如喺1867年尾153Please respect copyright.PENANAHyEWcSMH0V
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥153Please respect copyright.PENANA5yOiyq8rc5
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港153Please respect copyright.PENANAuX1aujejF8
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停153Please respect copyright.PENANASH8GQbaYgG
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國153Please respect copyright.PENANAcegZcCqr3q
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)153Please respect copyright.PENANA9qNZOhffie
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚153Please respect copyright.PENANAx3cr7K2LaI
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國153Please respect copyright.PENANAvLPbzSPTq7
以德國個地理位置153Please respect copyright.PENANAyvLfqietHu
發展遠洋艦隊153Please respect copyright.PENANAWQA1hd48eB
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源153Please respect copyright.PENANAk2gA8K6aye
冇強大嘅海軍153Please respect copyright.PENANAMtJySzyeDA
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人153Please respect copyright.PENANAHDvXQZY5FE
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦153Please respect copyright.PENANAkjzcFijzwj
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往153Please respect copyright.PENANAVnhrh84qgC
喺1860年代中期開始153Please respect copyright.PENANAUlRIyyXsmY
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後153Please respect copyright.PENANAR5jMyLybCb
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情153Please respect copyright.PENANAYNIe7EfrjC
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團153Please respect copyright.PENANAnmhfGUWUbq
諗住入去分一杯羹153Please respect copyright.PENANAxxefFSbXzP
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國153Please respect copyright.PENANAdNQxrM1kCY
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國153Please respect copyright.PENANAbGgHz8zFMB
因為有國家機器加持153Please respect copyright.PENANAYyaaF2pbfm
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAlMGvCUO5LU
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAAxMSi13ARp
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中153Please respect copyright.PENANAspu9h66y1P
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動153Please respect copyright.PENANA1zBMzYbnmQ
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好153Please respect copyright.PENANAdt9YzxGgyZ
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場153Please respect copyright.PENANAW7jnWoRWuE
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAlUSAHWPjW9
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後153Please respect copyright.PENANAtjuDhz0wmO
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟153Please respect copyright.PENANATWFjpYB8T5
而德奧意三國同盟153Please respect copyright.PENANAHmFDvLUIUv
以及三帝同盟續期153Please respect copyright.PENANAl57NVcyQaU
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎153Please respect copyright.PENANA9E7yMkP3Hy
至少係表面上啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAr4Gy0kxl5V
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄153Please respect copyright.PENANAOtvZJRRGRJ
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAbX9rS6m2mG
另一方面153Please respect copyright.PENANAsKOCxJGmUD
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易153Please respect copyright.PENANAp04L0osoQU
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點153Please respect copyright.PENANAL8mv95CI3Z
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上153Please respect copyright.PENANAq7hriWnkPb
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同153Please respect copyright.PENANAP3Li0F2kmU
呢啲殖民地爭議153Please respect copyright.PENANA9RvXxYy3bn
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫153Please respect copyright.PENANAfyZRE6Mqzz
德國要參與其中153Please respect copyright.PENANAQygj3AbP18
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話153Please respect copyright.PENANAeolfwgpWMJ
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠153Please respect copyright.PENANAKimnNbvxUo
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手153Please respect copyright.PENANANL4eoFPVfj
先可以埋枱玩153Please respect copyright.PENANA56PWh0V0QA
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張153Please respect copyright.PENANAiuxdiGL62C
喺1880年尾開始153Please respect copyright.PENANAncdHuTkRKH
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構153Please respect copyright.PENANAYXH1mxpYz4
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見153Please respect copyright.PENANAvl2EYXVQsk
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀153Please respect copyright.PENANA4rqTZMwRcP
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;153Please respect copyright.PENANAxkLqhePCTU
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅153Please respect copyright.PENANAdvYcbaDfkY
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔153Please respect copyright.PENANAFjuibgV02L
於是德國喺一年間153Please respect copyright.PENANAuKMfY6SI60
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁153Please respect copyright.PENANAGKsLc8GUWB
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫153Please respect copyright.PENANAp6bRLqAqaw
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度153Please respect copyright.PENANAFNRX3otMSu
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權153Please respect copyright.PENANAtO6qJPKLO7
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫153Please respect copyright.PENANAmHFIMKKr6x
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAEq9UNL5l1H
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAzDKJqgxv0j
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話153Please respect copyright.PENANA2DVlQECmzp
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務153Please respect copyright.PENANAv7ckPqQuKH
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店153Please respect copyright.PENANAzaDmL3pF3a
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上153Please respect copyright.PENANA3YXbIlGPel
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAttYJ3XTwUJ
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國153Please respect copyright.PENANAz6zKXkTXuS
而係啲私人企業153Please respect copyright.PENANAoOiDlzlm21
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAb7zt1n9LhA
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇153Please respect copyright.PENANANNf0B4MDXf
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大153Please respect copyright.PENANAb8eNKa8qNn
佢要嘅效果153Please respect copyright.PENANA6WOFPbPpgA
就係用最低成本153Please respect copyright.PENANAzEVwWTRQFc
令德國喺短時間內153Please respect copyright.PENANAumfE8T22Ew
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地153Please respect copyright.PENANATUQDK17Bfq
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽153Please respect copyright.PENANAbMsXbGVgKQ
德國作為老三要做嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANATYFqwwYRtJ
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力153Please respect copyright.PENANACL0YnP9HRO
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗153Please respect copyright.PENANAifDneRSHk7
自己喺歐陸先會安穩153Please respect copyright.PENANAxCVs80EokG
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAXRuoh9tX3r
而家就爭咁張賭枱153Please respect copyright.PENANAVBqoCSgJOT
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合153Please respect copyright.PENANAPIeDmkIbWA
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中153Please respect copyright.PENANAQuxuxeoORM
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議153Please respect copyright.PENANAgtEHCHmuRt
有越演越烈嘅趨勢153Please respect copyright.PENANApd7eGPjzR2
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙153Please respect copyright.PENANASz4OQbe6iP
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟153Please respect copyright.PENANAVX3sR9GjKN
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議153Please respect copyright.PENANAFMVjibFTxX
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地153Please respect copyright.PENANAsSrJ4gx56P
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)153Please respect copyright.PENANAYPfYOOZSIQ
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整153Please respect copyright.PENANAf8I3GJw82I
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點153Please respect copyright.PENANAhdv60Vo1yX
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你153Please respect copyright.PENANAg1o6oe7n49
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟153Please respect copyright.PENANAeyjyRVDYM4
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓153Please respect copyright.PENANAuM1FU8yaPq
都紛紛嚮應153Please respect copyright.PENANAsLVjJ7FmCX
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸153Please respect copyright.PENANALitKqUlT5t
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家153Please respect copyright.PENANAS7rgBtJvfY
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織153Please respect copyright.PENANAgrQAhaV0BU
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)153Please respect copyright.PENANAHrvMDYU23Z
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別153Please respect copyright.PENANAsgnqKuTzDf
嗰時冇飛機153Please respect copyright.PENANA3Aefd11IuT
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會153Please respect copyright.PENANAkBAbr5y1OJ
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事153Please respect copyright.PENANArRJWsx1Jgm
好似上次柏林會議153Please respect copyright.PENANAWl0eyYMD2N
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人153Please respect copyright.PENANAdsm1r4R2vP
相反今次嚟開會嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANARoxFQc5UHD
都係各國駐柏林大使153Please respect copyright.PENANAezq9elR5xO
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAy8rhxLq0Q9
每當要決定某啲事務時153Please respect copyright.PENANABKUqyFGbbz
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首153Please respect copyright.PENANAdTMAyaEDff
所以個會都拖到幾長吓153Please respect copyright.PENANAbNxBUxjTZ7
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假153Please respect copyright.PENANAtt0LSGzd3Y
總共開咗104日153Please respect copyright.PENANAM9OFEmKDSj
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結153Please respect copyright.PENANAl30aX10Gnc
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)153Please respect copyright.PENANA1Q2vGKmxDb
咁從側面反映153Please respect copyright.PENANAvyMk2q9ssZ
喺嗰時對各國嚟講153Please respect copyright.PENANAfNwrNrGCFn
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大153Please respect copyright.PENANAzuaD6aWAdj
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:153Please respect copyright.PENANA1cUDfYj1bU
1)剛果盆地歸屬153Please respect copyright.PENANATDfxrKDI2C
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權153Please respect copyright.PENANAjFm5AizPXu
3)何謂“有效佔據”153Please respect copyright.PENANAKqW38loHIA
關於第一個問題153Please respect copyright.PENANA0gGPJlGZOm
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓153Please respect copyright.PENANA3CCQosHo7s
我就唔係呢度重覆喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAZn87lXzFRk
簡單重溫吓153Please respect copyright.PENANALJQJhHz91z
當時各國已經知道153Please respect copyright.PENANANSHJAWhPiP
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼153Please respect copyright.PENANAztCo7yq0uM
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAvaoNKMtHVD
不過基於勢力平衡關係153Please respect copyright.PENANA0trmVzxPV1
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地153Please respect copyright.PENANAf8JFIswccB
對各國都有好處153Please respect copyright.PENANAc6ow9modyj
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作153Please respect copyright.PENANAAvFokotQul
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫153Please respect copyright.PENANAOazYCykJeU
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果153Please respect copyright.PENANAkb808XzRlC
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸153Please respect copyright.PENANAu0czMbaX8C
而北岸就歸法國所有153Please respect copyright.PENANAbqjU6Gi1Cm
就係咁153Please respect copyright.PENANA7SxevVOnvG
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯153Please respect copyright.PENANAQkJzkJ2aSm
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先153Please respect copyright.PENANAanDN5afd0C
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議153Please respect copyright.PENANAGrCcxV7tuE
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAMLg2s99irZ
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議153Please respect copyright.PENANAhsXTVrcIVW
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯153Please respect copyright.PENANADy9tRgqBu1
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先153Please respect copyright.PENANARtvEVoBU3y
唔使咁心急住153Please respect copyright.PENANA5LCggTEyOg
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇153Please respect copyright.PENANA1YNxvYrpQ1
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題153Please respect copyright.PENANAJc86hiNBKm
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河153Please respect copyright.PENANATMYduwmcaY
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道153Please respect copyright.PENANARcNwIPOEMq
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題153Please respect copyright.PENANAbqAjnG0kn5
其實就相對簡單153Please respect copyright.PENANA3CDPqr6rqB
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易153Please respect copyright.PENANAifqiPzM1wX
所以航行自由係必須嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAlvj8o2a4YO
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地153Please respect copyright.PENANAfJcGfyX3Fc
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益153Please respect copyright.PENANAdxa05cn7y9
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯153Please respect copyright.PENANAFO9FwdLkD0
得得得你坐番低先153Please respect copyright.PENANA9wsA4NOHtt
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據153Please respect copyright.PENANAlSv73TNoM8
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題153Please respect copyright.PENANALOlSLRlx90
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法153Please respect copyright.PENANA6VNoae7vhu
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後153Please respect copyright.PENANA4sX7iWA3le
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔153Please respect copyright.PENANA52Pbjurjmz
嗰度就歸佢153Please respect copyright.PENANAb9nCTvIv7o
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地153Please respect copyright.PENANAoFuN6iR4ex
對後來者其實相當唔公平153Please respect copyright.PENANAfbSovyxftf
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘153Please respect copyright.PENANAXXbEkOJDOe
並顯示對當地有實質控制153Please respect copyright.PENANAhaJaUAcazc
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等153Please respect copyright.PENANAibnmci35WB
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國153Please respect copyright.PENANAsYW5Yhmty7
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增153Please respect copyright.PENANA8bYbk3pErk
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANA6OYcKkJRsp
不過俾斯麥之所以要全歐洲甚至連殖民地都冇嘅國家都叫埋嚟開會153Please respect copyright.PENANAr8a1jkK4ks
目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國153Please respect copyright.PENANArNL3hfK9bt
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場153Please respect copyright.PENANAO4cyaDNqwk
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上153Please respect copyright.PENANAEvoWFL0Vcs
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAE0t4klyORC
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外153Please respect copyright.PENANAcaD2wdBNPh
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地153Please respect copyright.PENANAUE7OA3ImhA
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地153Please respect copyright.PENANAiWhifExj7N
都劃晒畀佢153Please respect copyright.PENANATktVCDwozh
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊153Please respect copyright.PENANAPVD3ptKGbZ
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表153Please respect copyright.PENANAMUc0iNRGZW
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇153Please respect copyright.PENANArGXjtm8Dp6
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話153Please respect copyright.PENANAdBFpJ9u7U4
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAjTLz1ncn2t
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?153Please respect copyright.PENANAgtPO0dmcv8
唔係㗎嘛153Please respect copyright.PENANAb4U0o2veNB
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制153Please respect copyright.PENANAYneKTlCFNG
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度153Please respect copyright.PENANAq3HXxSsGfx
以剛果河口為例153Please respect copyright.PENANAySAEyM0mSX
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制153Please respect copyright.PENANADT8mTCsN2u
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件153Please respect copyright.PENANAlWiWU7knkY
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎153Please respect copyright.PENANAtTEUZL1qNQ
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會153Please respect copyright.PENANAeG1WkGt89h
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉153Please respect copyright.PENANAZgE22v7WA4
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議153Please respect copyright.PENANAiEmQJttGka
支持佢爭取剛果河口153Please respect copyright.PENANAO7W3ofLFOi
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面153Please respect copyright.PENANA0S0fR3ZvEW
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒153Please respect copyright.PENANAlrj2afAwjy
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話153Please respect copyright.PENANAjgqNLdtmKk
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜153Please respect copyright.PENANA6Kc1KBDEYS
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”153Please respect copyright.PENANAY02fNQnJXG
是為非洲版過三關153Please respect copyright.PENANAamrSdSc7O0
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難153Please respect copyright.PENANAM3NHLsTyH8
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話153Please respect copyright.PENANAsprdmxVPC8
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”153Please respect copyright.PENANAIGWVnn3uCF
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話153Please respect copyright.PENANAigN2hlT2NU
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友153Please respect copyright.PENANAPQ50wjb1iS
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己153Please respect copyright.PENANAtpUSEdjNKS
轉向支持國際剛果協會153Please respect copyright.PENANA4FBtuvAjKg
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口153Please respect copyright.PENANAzGI4IuJzqt
獲得完全嘅外交勝利153Please respect copyright.PENANACfx2Eug7FY
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割153Please respect copyright.PENANAFdpIMpyTHS
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土153Please respect copyright.PENANAWbUUzoneSa
自始成為一塊飛地153Please respect copyright.PENANATs4ExWTtWu往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判153Please respect copyright.PENANAMS1ai8Pus7
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈153Please respect copyright.PENANA95ZU3TFYqa
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAExpIZ5M2Kh
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞153Please respect copyright.PENANA9vgq3AFW1q
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAfSJxKOkjjX
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等153Please respect copyright.PENANAo96s0HtnJJ
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生153Please respect copyright.PENANAlkchiMzbXA
冇錯153Please respect copyright.PENANAaFqrZR8X54
唔只你地153Please respect copyright.PENANA1olSzV0ZiO
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜153Please respect copyright.PENANAZsBvJVkPYE
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言153Please respect copyright.PENANA9lT8oPuGkj
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」153Please respect copyright.PENANAtz01tLCTbW
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地153Please respect copyright.PENANA8HlIWsqB0m
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割153Please respect copyright.PENANArHLkA6fcKa
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益153Please respect copyright.PENANAs3GXu0zUI1
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼153Please respect copyright.PENANAc34zAXI40A
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAmkWN5rJ8SE
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAZKOsD6olER
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界153Please respect copyright.PENANAtW0rsYro3L
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊153Please respect copyright.PENANARbdsA1V3qm
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家153Please respect copyright.PENANA78DlH6EIzI
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭153Please respect copyright.PENANAcMguiUWwy6
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併153Please respect copyright.PENANAOlPhf2PGHv
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動153Please respect copyright.PENANAm58l9wZoCz
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機153Please respect copyright.PENANAwe6vUb43pO
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事153Please respect copyright.PENANAJcKOHS6s0U
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講153Please respect copyright.PENANAp5Q3Vm72gV
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到153Please respect copyright.PENANAl3isUlAKuo
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割153Please respect copyright.PENANADyW1HUJddM
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇153Please respect copyright.PENANAmbApbnRQw3
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”153Please respect copyright.PENANAGCRaFCRqEs
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸153Please respect copyright.PENANAb5W4Vgvg4G
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”153Please respect copyright.PENANAV95iPsoLDB
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”153Please respect copyright.PENANAEoqCaTfq5W
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地153Please respect copyright.PENANAzFVX5ypjZa
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區153Please respect copyright.PENANAUfx1jTD9py
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部153Please respect copyright.PENANAIRI7YsxRgQ
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地153Please respect copyright.PENANAjeMokvKVSN
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講153Please respect copyright.PENANA9Pr7Pvzoa9
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先153Please respect copyright.PENANAONBMpTxSeb
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦153Please respect copyright.PENANA2rE4KHt8sw
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵153Please respect copyright.PENANAI13VYguX2B
不過喺嗰時153Please respect copyright.PENANAaJrjZTUBu7
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架153Please respect copyright.PENANAdJK06Ochw5
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕153Please respect copyright.PENANAbbCHpLMsKA
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中153Please respect copyright.PENANA8CylDXz0kq
一步步拆解分岐153Please respect copyright.PENANA1WkAewq4Rd
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案153Please respect copyright.PENANAatDdxMa3yB
唔使動輒就要打要殺153Please respect copyright.PENANAopSjf65Xle
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸153Please respect copyright.PENANAVXcwCXLF6g
以發展佢嘅經濟153Please respect copyright.PENANAEcSm7WC4in
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士153Please respect copyright.PENANAGfLohWLC7T
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體153Please respect copyright.PENANAa54ODEydts
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅153Please respect copyright.PENANAgx7ZmlPUa2
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲153Please respect copyright.PENANAJrMDeE48il
終究有落幕嘅一日153Please respect copyright.PENANAB7hwoOh5Rt
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時153Please respect copyright.PENANArHCvfFy4dP
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡153Please respect copyright.PENANA3WTXLcYfyZ
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇153Please respect copyright.PENANA6rE4Bp1Je6
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶153Please respect copyright.PENANAXq929tDv6A
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦153Please respect copyright.PENANAmLsW4gFd4b
1890年3月22號153Please respect copyright.PENANA8Ce4oi22nj
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由153Please respect copyright.PENANAdhsNyOWdxP
迫令佢辭職153Please respect copyright.PENANAUjvNgDpMVp
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台153Please respect copyright.PENANAu8m64kzRNa
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解153Please respect copyright.PENANASLvvO2rrFY
對列強嚟講153Please respect copyright.PENANAZUBxnFWmSo
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴153Please respect copyright.PENANAITwyxifVfU
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈153Please respect copyright.PENANAf9lNBV08Ug
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾153Please respect copyright.PENANAaUwgaq7mtE
最終走向大戰⋯⋯153Please respect copyright.PENANAgBComvLrRe
有時不禁會諗153Please respect copyright.PENANATAo0cgNE9v
最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎153Please respect copyright.PENANAFU52ZHjR9q
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國153Please respect copyright.PENANAtgX2jg0AM3
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對153Please respect copyright.PENANADcmndr7iJH
歷史會唔會改寫呢?153Please respect copyright.PENANAvIC7jbXTTB
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?153Please respect copyright.PENANAxyEbMfvCcg共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?153Please respect copyright.PENANAEgHkEE8a0K
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我153Please respect copyright.PENANAuQeYl6KtiW
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
153Please respect copyright.PENANAYEDclMd2qH
-完-
ns216.73.216.143da2