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純粹係國策使然啫
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北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥131Please respect copyright.PENANAKAxx59kWfd
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殖民主義又從何談起呢?
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總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
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咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張131Please respect copyright.PENANABjSeLMzqi4
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1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅131Please respect copyright.PENANAOugVDYBQAj
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
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呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權131Please respect copyright.PENANAclgh2HU5PH
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強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店131Please respect copyright.PENANAvW5o8LCo8W
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要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
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畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAkR39ZWOISH
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呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
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有越演越烈嘅趨勢131Please respect copyright.PENANAjVNJ9p3wEH
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又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟131Please respect copyright.PENANApTTVDpHKmA
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可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地131Please respect copyright.PENANAKdwnsD6PRs
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)131Please respect copyright.PENANACFFIT1joqA
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整131Please respect copyright.PENANAkEen2LHUTu
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最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸131Please respect copyright.PENANA74Dpigbdf5
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家131Please respect copyright.PENANAWg4AwWA5MJ
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織131Please respect copyright.PENANAmxzZxu3Ygi
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參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
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總共開咗104日131Please respect copyright.PENANAoPuUBsPkKc
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結131Please respect copyright.PENANAMUiCn0N1wh
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殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大131Please respect copyright.PENANAKycFjFF7zY
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:131Please respect copyright.PENANAfKKwWvdGnO
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關於第一個問題131Please respect copyright.PENANAVH7TGOgTRX
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓131Please respect copyright.PENANAQQ2FmMc2GO
我就唔係呢度重覆喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAgekctI8yrY
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利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼131Please respect copyright.PENANApEy610ABmu
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAFHNrk6Lw3C
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對各國都有好處131Please respect copyright.PENANAO9sSBAxSr8
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作131Please respect copyright.PENANA5k5MilKTCy
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫131Please respect copyright.PENANA5JqzpEv7ni
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所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸131Please respect copyright.PENANAW7EYh9gI9S
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就係咁131Please respect copyright.PENANAx8EU8TxVTj
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANAqZN2L0VJOD
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先131Please respect copyright.PENANAxuPb4g0XDv
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議131Please respect copyright.PENANAGYhfmzhUfH
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAbdlW19eKvF
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議131Please respect copyright.PENANA5dsARile3Z
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANAyfkQNEhAqw
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先131Please respect copyright.PENANArneQbmXHLK
唔使咁心急住131Please respect copyright.PENANARzmOfXVwdn
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇131Please respect copyright.PENANAK7gwKgTq1l
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題131Please respect copyright.PENANArzzVoQ7HVO
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河131Please respect copyright.PENANAv33XW4sCk3
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道131Please respect copyright.PENANASC1jaMhglr
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題131Please respect copyright.PENANAil2faUMaB2
其實就相對簡單131Please respect copyright.PENANAWv3tCLl2Re
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易131Please respect copyright.PENANAT1Wg6w5PB2
所以航行自由係必須嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAbnbAN1Fn0t
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地131Please respect copyright.PENANAxjFqanS19k
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益131Please respect copyright.PENANAl1alr3CazP
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANARmLhCeL9lb
得得得你坐番低先131Please respect copyright.PENANAhIJdPk2Tcz
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據131Please respect copyright.PENANANTNBh1bGoU
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題131Please respect copyright.PENANAMrx6o6exC0
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法131Please respect copyright.PENANAs6EJHSY5IA
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後131Please respect copyright.PENANATcaN5JJdl0
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔131Please respect copyright.PENANAYUXakr3Fdz
嗰度就歸佢131Please respect copyright.PENANAkrCKhrIqSE
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地131Please respect copyright.PENANA1iTYyqqdUU
對後來者其實相當唔公平131Please respect copyright.PENANAfRzlpZahpy
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘131Please respect copyright.PENANA24LIw1kv4L
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
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葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAUXym9rizKg
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形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊131Please respect copyright.PENANAPx0YGtST6r
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
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而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制131Please respect copyright.PENANAoWf3BBu9mp
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度131Please respect copyright.PENANAkHUCvYYZtX
以剛果河口為例131Please respect copyright.PENANAHf2PTqJk8B
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制131Please respect copyright.PENANAYcUTLgcshW
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件131Please respect copyright.PENANAepC7h0ZEFP
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎131Please respect copyright.PENANAgIqn4CJ2O5
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會131Please respect copyright.PENANAxVxoREeg4f
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉131Please respect copyright.PENANAdJ9iH2oBCQ
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議131Please respect copyright.PENANAr6zFy1nfeT
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英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒131Please respect copyright.PENANAOscgMLqucd
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話131Please respect copyright.PENANAuzVZuTpXul
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜131Please respect copyright.PENANArFNog4KrFb
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”131Please respect copyright.PENANAXAqjDuiypA
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詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難131Please respect copyright.PENANACgPdBaqpM3
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話131Please respect copyright.PENANA11GhjwyXRd
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兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己131Please respect copyright.PENANAOpRYTR9FGE
轉向支持國際剛果協會131Please respect copyright.PENANAGuJXz8nAUB
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而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
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自始成為一塊飛地131Please respect copyright.PENANAxb6wLhPBQx往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
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冇錯131Please respect copyright.PENANAZv6SnrY9vT
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直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割131Please respect copyright.PENANAuVXieh8O4p
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至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼131Please respect copyright.PENANASi8l5xFQni
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伴隨住呢啲分割嘅131Please respect copyright.PENANAWCspzbcgIS
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界131Please respect copyright.PENANAjzsYtUsxCQ
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相同嘅部族又會試圖合併131Please respect copyright.PENANAwU2rCGPwBb
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整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機131Please respect copyright.PENANARAJcITXMs9
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又點會理會同預料到呢
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非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇131Please respect copyright.PENANA5zY54TfoGq
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1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸131Please respect copyright.PENANAAzzlyw9ukE
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講131Please respect copyright.PENANAqh8C17BQ0u
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先131Please respect copyright.PENANAcoObL4S6oj
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦131Please respect copyright.PENANAWFSg5PAili
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵131Please respect copyright.PENANA8MptY22OG7
不過喺嗰時131Please respect copyright.PENANAO8dMlRCBCv
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架131Please respect copyright.PENANAAfHpgHfpA4
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕131Please respect copyright.PENANAZV85afZBZZ
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唔使動輒就要打要殺131Please respect copyright.PENANAlWY8RlVQbS
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可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲131Please respect copyright.PENANA1UTj3AiRSI
終究有落幕嘅一日131Please respect copyright.PENANAsoDQwhGmwF
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俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡131Please respect copyright.PENANASdjKgY0K6v
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佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶131Please respect copyright.PENANAIPYR2eZ162
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1890年3月22號131Please respect copyright.PENANAhmBZAn3FMC
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由131Please respect copyright.PENANAplMUlMIi1Y
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
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漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾131Please respect copyright.PENANAXhCo80twMP
最終走向大戰⋯⋯131Please respect copyright.PENANAHUJyjn7BPc
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎131Please respect copyright.PENANAJzed8Vj2vG
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國131Please respect copyright.PENANA0FAQoEg67D
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對131Please respect copyright.PENANAdwmVi0tz7B
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
131Please respect copyright.PENANAEghGnVYB3f
-完-
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