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正如上面所講174Please respect copyright.PENANAMt2GsuCv65
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒174Please respect copyright.PENANAj2aT5c6AK2
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍174Please respect copyright.PENANAh4jZGVdtiE
規模實在太細174Please respect copyright.PENANASKfcphF1su
根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展174Please respect copyright.PENANAwnYXRSwK3L
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊174Please respect copyright.PENANA8NEUwzuk1Y
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指174Please respect copyright.PENANAs2pQhxgm6R
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號174Please respect copyright.PENANAe2emaE0dCh
就係由普魯士嘅船廠製造㗎喇174Please respect copyright.PENANASSkFeA9GNp
個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因174Please respect copyright.PENANA7FUfDJeDoH
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展174Please respect copyright.PENANA46G4FlmG2P
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭174Please respect copyright.PENANAXy9OjLHVWO
例如喺1867年尾174Please respect copyright.PENANAV9gO5z6qCA
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥174Please respect copyright.PENANAXhlubX4ATK
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港174Please respect copyright.PENANAbHi1my3IDR
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停174Please respect copyright.PENANAApzpQmL5KR
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國174Please respect copyright.PENANAraSWFDm8yi
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)174Please respect copyright.PENANAZNPJxbmpLT
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚174Please respect copyright.PENANAuKnamiw7S3
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國174Please respect copyright.PENANAQqVz6W20UH
以德國個地理位置174Please respect copyright.PENANA7ANM7Cdvqu
發展遠洋艦隊174Please respect copyright.PENANAMTL8YRUwG9
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源174Please respect copyright.PENANACrYcg4GX7K
冇強大嘅海軍174Please respect copyright.PENANA1b7eu2cYps
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人174Please respect copyright.PENANAQyXe3A8uZx
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦174Please respect copyright.PENANAG3fqqAbgKg
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往174Please respect copyright.PENANAygZjMS0iWN
喺1860年代中期開始174Please respect copyright.PENANALuAflVnkSA
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後174Please respect copyright.PENANApc3zQI79hc
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情174Please respect copyright.PENANAUwmQUWvuGm
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團174Please respect copyright.PENANAhvRp8T6ukf
諗住入去分一杯羹174Please respect copyright.PENANAYHcYoHgq8o
傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國174Please respect copyright.PENANALavfoT27kJ
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國174Please respect copyright.PENANA9YIa78uR9D
因為有國家機器加持174Please respect copyright.PENANAhKCnWiIHZZ
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦174Please respect copyright.PENANALaTnuMbKo6
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇174Please respect copyright.PENANA5ic1eEkJWy
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中174Please respect copyright.PENANALsN7QAYjDV
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動174Please respect copyright.PENANAaBwZWZ8jII
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好174Please respect copyright.PENANA9l2GCA2Dzu
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場174Please respect copyright.PENANAV8X9Sy22ll
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAYc6QjBFo9J
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後174Please respect copyright.PENANA2NoNv6oOks
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟174Please respect copyright.PENANAqDkq27KYKu
而德奧意三國同盟174Please respect copyright.PENANAVoi99AuTs0
以及三帝同盟續期174Please respect copyright.PENANAScgVxvHnC0
為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎174Please respect copyright.PENANAAPTlF6CFXK
至少係表面上啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAJxLrj6B1lh
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄174Please respect copyright.PENANALmHtSndSEs
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAtAJ4YRRKEH
另一方面174Please respect copyright.PENANA50SgKbK8b1
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易174Please respect copyright.PENANAOQ60qSVsLZ
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點174Please respect copyright.PENANAySO9QyfsUM
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上174Please respect copyright.PENANAKuHLD4QULY
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同174Please respect copyright.PENANAsG45IvXXpS
呢啲殖民地爭議174Please respect copyright.PENANAmvLw64lPPI
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫174Please respect copyright.PENANA9Y0bDVfQr9
德國要參與其中174Please respect copyright.PENANAwSgHHiSrL8
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話174Please respect copyright.PENANAsElcaJprJD
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠174Please respect copyright.PENANAPvhyqOTVSD
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手174Please respect copyright.PENANAqvR8TrlJiN
先可以埋枱玩174Please respect copyright.PENANAbtBVnFf28e
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張174Please respect copyright.PENANAX24QCmMI52
喺1880年尾開始174Please respect copyright.PENANAD5lliLaPC6
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構174Please respect copyright.PENANAhJJcfXYM7k
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見174Please respect copyright.PENANATLxo6sV2GV
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀174Please respect copyright.PENANAD6RfiCrjet
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;174Please respect copyright.PENANAkd2H2xzL9S
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅174Please respect copyright.PENANAoVkiEo2oKu
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔174Please respect copyright.PENANAZIFPe1VQBD
於是德國喺一年間174Please respect copyright.PENANAHKVeug17bk
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁174Please respect copyright.PENANAbkah5bFDAr
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫174Please respect copyright.PENANAgcq0kwQGli
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度174Please respect copyright.PENANAgrxVqC8QIT
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權174Please respect copyright.PENANAR99FmDZ3QO
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫174Please respect copyright.PENANA44oKvUejz3
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAkJ4WTux6HX
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAgaRIsK8ChP
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話174Please respect copyright.PENANAZdBuEyl13w
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務174Please respect copyright.PENANAhiTuyr0jzD
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店174Please respect copyright.PENANAnIszFLru8l
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上174Please respect copyright.PENANAxD55AkZbpu
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAjoUJySiGfd
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國174Please respect copyright.PENANAolcMpLqZfZ
而係啲私人企業174Please respect copyright.PENANAsCq2Occ4Rx
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAcJ4zIedZXI
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇174Please respect copyright.PENANA6LItamrsKI
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大174Please respect copyright.PENANAjr2ukuaslC
佢要嘅效果174Please respect copyright.PENANAXwn113vaVH
就係用最低成本174Please respect copyright.PENANA3mhnXy5VJi
令德國喺短時間內174Please respect copyright.PENANApVTZVPeSZn
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地174Please respect copyright.PENANAmDyNRADqRS
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽174Please respect copyright.PENANAacoizF0yMm
德國作為老三要做嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAYcQRLHee6n
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力174Please respect copyright.PENANAzyrhhA7Lt0
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗174Please respect copyright.PENANAUIH7nYPCXp
自己喺歐陸先會安穩174Please respect copyright.PENANAbDdpE7XQdH
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAKRE6mUTVLC
而家就爭咁張賭枱174Please respect copyright.PENANASkrTlaVIhT
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合174Please respect copyright.PENANA9MM1FZEjG6
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中174Please respect copyright.PENANA91twIYyRbS
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議174Please respect copyright.PENANAM3EWuAHUYE
有越演越烈嘅趨勢174Please respect copyright.PENANAps6IrmqN19
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙174Please respect copyright.PENANA29zhNkWxED
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟174Please respect copyright.PENANAj98wM11J1C
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議174Please respect copyright.PENANABTWNI2Ll9J
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地174Please respect copyright.PENANALdR7LtgR8v
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)174Please respect copyright.PENANA0d5DrfL3ES
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整174Please respect copyright.PENANAsX2YhsoYVL
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點174Please respect copyright.PENANA8x0y58dzBw
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你174Please respect copyright.PENANAdB8MA4QdoW
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟174Please respect copyright.PENANAzmIDBuO9cq
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓174Please respect copyright.PENANAt4fxfBhzT5
都紛紛嚮應174Please respect copyright.PENANAYTsM6yJYOr
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸174Please respect copyright.PENANAxrglNebLh1
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家174Please respect copyright.PENANAjOsi1M8sIV
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織174Please respect copyright.PENANAi9TE6uoIGy
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)174Please respect copyright.PENANAjqr8RGzxpx
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別174Please respect copyright.PENANA8UveqKbJhY
嗰時冇飛機174Please respect copyright.PENANA7AmvKrHMLL
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會174Please respect copyright.PENANAdZMiO9qa3J
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事174Please respect copyright.PENANA6FFsY7bnOn
好似上次柏林會議174Please respect copyright.PENANA4nlimfRWPs
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人174Please respect copyright.PENANA3IFptpWbpo
相反今次嚟開會嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAkSFOEAA83a
都係各國駐柏林大使174Please respect copyright.PENANArr9HjaZryx
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAlBzBFtdjUZ
每當要決定某啲事務時174Please respect copyright.PENANAuvt9vkLDHu
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首174Please respect copyright.PENANAfa39iqhvKC
所以個會都拖到幾長吓174Please respect copyright.PENANAUxgFPn6MjU
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假174Please respect copyright.PENANAoJg0qul9jv
總共開咗104日174Please respect copyright.PENANAxSleh7haAv
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結174Please respect copyright.PENANAILH4AQysOs
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)174Please respect copyright.PENANAlUAfyE50d1
咁從側面反映174Please respect copyright.PENANAjwqxJqCXN0
喺嗰時對各國嚟講174Please respect copyright.PENANA7MAc8uiegT
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大174Please respect copyright.PENANAKiaL5kBQoC
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:174Please respect copyright.PENANAjuxiEdctyq
1)剛果盆地歸屬174Please respect copyright.PENANA4QPPqscqXm
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權174Please respect copyright.PENANAKUTja1eMUP
3)何謂“有效佔據”174Please respect copyright.PENANAY785Hektvi
關於第一個問題174Please respect copyright.PENANAjNiSh1Fa9D
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓174Please respect copyright.PENANAupjZ1i9RFE
我就唔係呢度重覆喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAIvOKE96eZO
簡單重溫吓174Please respect copyright.PENANARdrZeC4QI8
當時各國已經知道174Please respect copyright.PENANAsWL0kqEBE7
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼174Please respect copyright.PENANAhUDqVg7TOq
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAtgHG2XBzcm
不過基於勢力平衡關係174Please respect copyright.PENANANUlQp10u7y
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地174Please respect copyright.PENANAdf88R6TAK7
對各國都有好處174Please respect copyright.PENANAKV06nykO6Y
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作174Please respect copyright.PENANAteGKPh5ggP
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫174Please respect copyright.PENANANx5hmLyYrW
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果174Please respect copyright.PENANAbySL7YMZG4
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸174Please respect copyright.PENANASsesBQsgdG
而北岸就歸法國所有174Please respect copyright.PENANA73LRZKXf0u
就係咁174Please respect copyright.PENANA1jwsJGoFcx
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯174Please respect copyright.PENANAx0yY0VvurY
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先174Please respect copyright.PENANA6erfqGhsjS
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議174Please respect copyright.PENANAetMSJpxn2n
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAZTARZ5wnPk
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議174Please respect copyright.PENANA2GOHq53bNv
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯174Please respect copyright.PENANAWkUXiahyHE
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先174Please respect copyright.PENANACAsFAWILDJ
唔使咁心急住174Please respect copyright.PENANATIXFJqTSMT
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAyG6Hev255R
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題174Please respect copyright.PENANAYQJhAjsVZS
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河174Please respect copyright.PENANAjbOSqR9WwC
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道174Please respect copyright.PENANAOTwgDrbegP
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題174Please respect copyright.PENANAYKsewQsGCB
其實就相對簡單174Please respect copyright.PENANAymRENfdjwp
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易174Please respect copyright.PENANAbTy8lLcW3p
所以航行自由係必須嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAmMPQQoohhc
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地174Please respect copyright.PENANAwVVGhzOUHD
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益174Please respect copyright.PENANA77xXdndcVr
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯174Please respect copyright.PENANASou5FuIpOn
得得得你坐番低先174Please respect copyright.PENANA7E8fpL6ejs
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據174Please respect copyright.PENANAQlA2GguMV9
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題174Please respect copyright.PENANAh7BF6R24kD
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法174Please respect copyright.PENANA84ve0ax2MY
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後174Please respect copyright.PENANAyKTfzXZEu4
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔174Please respect copyright.PENANA4DRkFghIYk
嗰度就歸佢174Please respect copyright.PENANAvmV4i1N7W7
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地174Please respect copyright.PENANAKnghQaVjWj
對後來者其實相當唔公平174Please respect copyright.PENANAiQBKoiFXiP
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘174Please respect copyright.PENANAkqAo4qQFao
並顯示對當地有實質控制174Please respect copyright.PENANAA9TxCBWXTV
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等174Please respect copyright.PENANAZ05yFfNvpe
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國174Please respect copyright.PENANAcFmBRXtXYm
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增174Please respect copyright.PENANADb4M1HVnQM
正常嚟講佢地係會反對嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAyvl28bcQpm
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國174Please respect copyright.PENANA6EPajDToj4
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場174Please respect copyright.PENANABt5s5UzxOL
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上174Please respect copyright.PENANAh2SUNuCC5g
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANA4BW8ofpnPN
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外174Please respect copyright.PENANAfJohH4YZCd
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地174Please respect copyright.PENANAwNmiF4UzMO
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地174Please respect copyright.PENANAISsuEO1xT4
都劃晒畀佢174Please respect copyright.PENANAgc1aHTg2YS
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊174Please respect copyright.PENANAN4bEL6rUhD
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表174Please respect copyright.PENANA7Ky18fUzkx
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇174Please respect copyright.PENANAYkWbT38mVv
照你個講法如果邊個發現先就歸邊個嘅話174Please respect copyright.PENANA45sQrWV6lB
咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦174Please respect copyright.PENANA4LhiJmBhEm
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?174Please respect copyright.PENANAM9rz0udRU8
唔係㗎嘛174Please respect copyright.PENANApvK272Jl43
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制174Please respect copyright.PENANAkZz9usvo4m
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度174Please respect copyright.PENANA15BmYf5Oos
以剛果河口為例174Please respect copyright.PENANAk9ZCCAdR6n
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制174Please respect copyright.PENANAKG12jKKFWd
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件174Please respect copyright.PENANARfU5vvxgiG
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎174Please respect copyright.PENANAIT7sqEiRHz
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會174Please respect copyright.PENANAgSEa01vCV3
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉174Please respect copyright.PENANAVmCZlHQU92
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議174Please respect copyright.PENANAmybuiJW6qG
支持佢爭取剛果河口174Please respect copyright.PENANAQmwdAEaIeJ
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面174Please respect copyright.PENANAvgg28FODjS
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒174Please respect copyright.PENANAq9PtoEOcoa
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話174Please respect copyright.PENANAn1diNy9QpG
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜174Please respect copyright.PENANAO8S9Cq80xl
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”174Please respect copyright.PENANA5Q0shmkPCM
是為非洲版過三關174Please respect copyright.PENANAR0cl0kubCV
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難174Please respect copyright.PENANAjw6a5D5RLr
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話174Please respect copyright.PENANAmMTM0qUkfY
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”174Please respect copyright.PENANAsSnTXkxj3A
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話174Please respect copyright.PENANAxAAct37E4Z
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友174Please respect copyright.PENANAIKCKRg8faH
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己174Please respect copyright.PENANAMvUl4TVosN
轉向支持國際剛果協會174Please respect copyright.PENANAj9uwRv2Ib4
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口174Please respect copyright.PENANAB6H7SEQ9xy
獲得完全嘅外交勝利174Please respect copyright.PENANAeq5gFslyXP
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割174Please respect copyright.PENANAG9qFoDq3oU
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土174Please respect copyright.PENANAjT6XonKVLs
自始成為一塊飛地174Please respect copyright.PENANABMm35FnMK6往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判174Please respect copyright.PENANA7L4wJD87Zy
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈174Please respect copyright.PENANASvTiTHEJwp
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAaxVmFvFuJ5
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞174Please respect copyright.PENANA90RByo0052
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAgDYPdnoz5h
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等174Please respect copyright.PENANAsD3veABKd6
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生174Please respect copyright.PENANA1rBbWtIiwO
冇錯174Please respect copyright.PENANA07U9InKnVb
唔只你地174Please respect copyright.PENANAeKytDZoNNW
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜174Please respect copyright.PENANAOQym5qfoHI
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言174Please respect copyright.PENANAWQTcmrpW4g
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」174Please respect copyright.PENANA1MotElTfu9
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地174Please respect copyright.PENANAvrqLhdgGjc
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割174Please respect copyright.PENANAoNjWB2LvoM
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益174Please respect copyright.PENANA9CofngPRkN
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼174Please respect copyright.PENANAMr28GXH0AY
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAjeKNd52NVj
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAJJQOODGXQ4
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界174Please respect copyright.PENANA9sKHFTh7Ay
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊174Please respect copyright.PENANAGiBbPjKqva
又或者將同一個部族分開喺唔同嘅國家174Please respect copyright.PENANA8JUDPCaYby
咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭174Please respect copyright.PENANAakv2QWqHJ8
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併174Please respect copyright.PENANALa2FiSdHpT
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動174Please respect copyright.PENANAGIXCU9fT5q
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機174Please respect copyright.PENANA5wW0xdsr89
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事174Please respect copyright.PENANAe9Xh3wtUd9
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講174Please respect copyright.PENANA7VMf4I2KtZ
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
對比呢兩幅圖就可以睇到174Please respect copyright.PENANATObTQPASfY
呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割174Please respect copyright.PENANAzQd5o9KuwB
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇174Please respect copyright.PENANA5pRz544LRX
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”174Please respect copyright.PENANA0BTkkFA39w
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸174Please respect copyright.PENANAZsg9IdQp5X
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
阿拉伯人稱之為“薩赫勒”174Please respect copyright.PENANA85yEIWNWQD
意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”174Please respect copyright.PENANAESTZc9RULt
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地174Please respect copyright.PENANA3WWTExeYGE
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
3)中非剛果盆地同佢東邊嘅大湖區174Please respect copyright.PENANAdnmeAgYe7E
4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部174Please respect copyright.PENANAGGrgxZsP7P
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地174Please respect copyright.PENANA3ch4fIftGL
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講174Please respect copyright.PENANAzCb7R1LTRq
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先174Please respect copyright.PENANAKGqPdbXbEo
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAXhcfIbA7lM
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵174Please respect copyright.PENANAk3FYPI23vU
不過喺嗰時174Please respect copyright.PENANAgnNmwCQ34B
的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架174Please respect copyright.PENANA8UAaRoRmY4
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕174Please respect copyright.PENANASgI3K5Bjhz
喺各國錯綜複雜嘅利益關係網中174Please respect copyright.PENANAfeCtFYWFZq
一步步拆解分岐174Please respect copyright.PENANAisU8ys3fBK
最終搵到個大家都可以接受嘅方案174Please respect copyright.PENANAbVkSkqo9o1
唔使動輒就要打要殺174Please respect copyright.PENANAtnqPQopovP
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸174Please respect copyright.PENANAMnFg6V6Jdd
以發展佢嘅經濟174Please respect copyright.PENANAdxgVCOAAH1
德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士174Please respect copyright.PENANATtywTUgo0w
可以話係有今生冇來世
之但係帝國呢種國體174Please respect copyright.PENANAFahqq0gnrc
就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅174Please respect copyright.PENANAbd7l0UpsQU
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲174Please respect copyright.PENANAXa7nL8UevI
終究有落幕嘅一日174Please respect copyright.PENANAakjBvwN7II
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時174Please respect copyright.PENANAZmjwlZVoFq
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡174Please respect copyright.PENANAub47TVUbPL
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇174Please respect copyright.PENANACUDb6XOQaI
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶174Please respect copyright.PENANA0A9aO5KNx2
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦174Please respect copyright.PENANAJ19KWSznyw
1890年3月22號174Please respect copyright.PENANAHMXay9s96f
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由174Please respect copyright.PENANAPtd7JPQ7jQ
迫令佢辭職174Please respect copyright.PENANAUAP4v1oW9e
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台174Please respect copyright.PENANAFpvIWmifYO
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解174Please respect copyright.PENANAHy8XROuoaU
對列強嚟講174Please respect copyright.PENANA6slYASIYnV
德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴174Please respect copyright.PENANAOEcCvWHWkC
而係反覆無常嘅計時炸彈174Please respect copyright.PENANA6eD9HzfEof
漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾174Please respect copyright.PENANACKlHVASxMh
最終走向大戰⋯⋯174Please respect copyright.PENANAJgQNZ2L6Xi
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎174Please respect copyright.PENANANbLA1MqQ6W
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國174Please respect copyright.PENANALruycgDThr
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對174Please respect copyright.PENANA1oGabA0UQ6
歷史會唔會改寫呢?174Please respect copyright.PENANA6SmRgHYMaT
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?174Please respect copyright.PENANAmJAbMWquZE共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?174Please respect copyright.PENANAkHzzTc3nrV
而嗰喺個平行宇宙嘅我174Please respect copyright.PENANAejVsrfILGo
又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
174Please respect copyright.PENANA6OCMbi4vNx
-完-
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