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正如上面所講128Please respect copyright.PENANAJo3kljMIuh
德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒128Please respect copyright.PENANAVEMVgmnXyJ
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍128Please respect copyright.PENANATluWzPPUrr
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相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指128Please respect copyright.PENANAU6ZW46qMjN
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因128Please respect copyright.PENANA3PNHDfUDP1
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展128Please respect copyright.PENANA9DsjayvsXt
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭128Please respect copyright.PENANAJajNez1DcZ
例如喺1867年尾128Please respect copyright.PENANArP71EIkU8M
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥128Please respect copyright.PENANA77iDCK76qc
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港128Please respect copyright.PENANA84Swab29St
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停128Please respect copyright.PENANADC8YkDJ3tq
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國128Please respect copyright.PENANAd1JonocEZZ
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)128Please respect copyright.PENANAu17BdGPpla
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚128Please respect copyright.PENANA5qwrovoCb0
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國128Please respect copyright.PENANAVSE2Mwkosf
以德國個地理位置128Please respect copyright.PENANAUB5npARrQt
發展遠洋艦隊128Please respect copyright.PENANAWPOdgodV8r
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源128Please respect copyright.PENANAt1to7A6KnQ
冇強大嘅海軍128Please respect copyright.PENANAOwnuDoLdf3
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人128Please respect copyright.PENANAmNYPIyt8cR
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦128Please respect copyright.PENANA536zKn6MmR
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
不過官方嘅立場並唔影響民間對海外擴張嘅嚮往128Please respect copyright.PENANAXp6iwm77m4
喺1860年代中期開始128Please respect copyright.PENANAFy8djncJj1
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後128Please respect copyright.PENANAPNmP3Mmo7y
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情128Please respect copyright.PENANAmNCH4CHUf7
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團128Please respect copyright.PENANA1QilLc0WmU
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國128Please respect copyright.PENANAQfcI2Qgzao
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國128Please respect copyright.PENANA9pNWIcCnHX
因為有國家機器加持128Please respect copyright.PENANAKPEI7BArXJ
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦128Please respect copyright.PENANAqV3YR6IF8V
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAapE7bKM95Y
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中128Please respect copyright.PENANAysgS7SXhNw
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動128Please respect copyright.PENANAbqfGz3rPis
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好128Please respect copyright.PENANA0pISjDiU7j
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場128Please respect copyright.PENANApsInz14Oh0
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦128Please respect copyright.PENANAzUN1LhUkey
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後128Please respect copyright.PENANA19h9WFMprn
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟128Please respect copyright.PENANAmdwQArofek
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為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎128Please respect copyright.PENANAYoLGAO8qAf
至少係表面上啦128Please respect copyright.PENANABRshJmjP8o
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄128Please respect copyright.PENANAgVpb2JSnpz
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAcPjpm8FCaX
另一方面128Please respect copyright.PENANAirUdBurcj6
英法喺會上嘅枱底交易128Please respect copyright.PENANAJDR71kw5X0
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點128Please respect copyright.PENANAaBvkZ6wnrJ
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上128Please respect copyright.PENANAABoVLWIX3Q
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同128Please respect copyright.PENANAbuQeBQoQOV
呢啲殖民地爭議128Please respect copyright.PENANAzOxJK191tW
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫128Please respect copyright.PENANAmOqPlJBHUt
德國要參與其中128Please respect copyright.PENANAyTpvhK77St
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話128Please respect copyright.PENANA7GoeBHGazw
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠128Please respect copyright.PENANAoXmACjq7DC
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手128Please respect copyright.PENANALk9v2JrVoa
先可以埋枱玩128Please respect copyright.PENANApE1t4Hw2ux
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張128Please respect copyright.PENANAealfrFQDDY
喺1880年尾開始128Please respect copyright.PENANApIa4nWcRDB
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構128Please respect copyright.PENANA1Fmf9a3Jro
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見128Please respect copyright.PENANALpeBHVPTCa
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀128Please respect copyright.PENANAnkS3omaYmm
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;128Please respect copyright.PENANAFpOyR1c1MZ
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅128Please respect copyright.PENANAt2rCGhuS9a
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔128Please respect copyright.PENANAXxIctjcjUc
於是德國喺一年間128Please respect copyright.PENANADVogrRziha
就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁128Please respect copyright.PENANABD1R0WwKOq
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫128Please respect copyright.PENANAQHyHaZOhif
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度128Please respect copyright.PENANA6t5lsVkBX6
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權128Please respect copyright.PENANAaXL5s8H7cV
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫128Please respect copyright.PENANAVzJDIJNoRp
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAGvcBuKPxnb
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANAtMKvHQ8gZC
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話128Please respect copyright.PENANATAxV8MMCVm
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務128Please respect copyright.PENANA8BHxR8ubip
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店128Please respect copyright.PENANAeoKazcSWNz
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上128Please respect copyright.PENANAPKb87bF5cD
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANA52tVLfqhtC
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國128Please respect copyright.PENANAF4ZaGzB3uK
而係啲私人企業128Please respect copyright.PENANAvGBuPseHrx
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦128Please respect copyright.PENANA44P0oATBgv
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇128Please respect copyright.PENANALCHB13nc7o
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大128Please respect copyright.PENANA3KIrF66fdq
佢要嘅效果128Please respect copyright.PENANAIhLhoJGf6V
就係用最低成本128Please respect copyright.PENANA72fJLimCvk
令德國喺短時間內128Please respect copyright.PENANAqAQQyCu9VW
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地128Please respect copyright.PENANA73HfAJf53B
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽128Please respect copyright.PENANAbO51NDf7YT
德國作為老三要做嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANAOiH2mZKTrI
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力128Please respect copyright.PENANAGQtVP6fXt3
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗128Please respect copyright.PENANAPq85FDHjE7
自己喺歐陸先會安穩128Please respect copyright.PENANAQv1OEhvMCc
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇128Please respect copyright.PENANA9VooudjkiV
而家就爭咁張賭枱128Please respect copyright.PENANA0l22hNkwdT
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合128Please respect copyright.PENANAZ86bq6lhEr
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中128Please respect copyright.PENANALzId8ymXz3
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議128Please respect copyright.PENANAeMBxf4sfpt
有越演越烈嘅趨勢128Please respect copyright.PENANA9taqMdaXLl
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙128Please respect copyright.PENANAnK00VeTyES
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟128Please respect copyright.PENANApUmmM9qPoq
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議128Please respect copyright.PENANAorG8K1vOQI
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地128Please respect copyright.PENANAWGHvVrCr7z
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)128Please respect copyright.PENANA3VDzCSHVmM
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整128Please respect copyright.PENANAEDZlFFSpcP
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點128Please respect copyright.PENANAZ3epXJOPbz
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你128Please respect copyright.PENANAejBzxH9VBq
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟128Please respect copyright.PENANAYQZeIC7aDN
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓128Please respect copyright.PENANABxRv2ruf0A
都紛紛嚮應128Please respect copyright.PENANAietGdHE70X
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸128Please respect copyright.PENANAO7QyaltMcY
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家128Please respect copyright.PENANAgcwqS9CkKw
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織128Please respect copyright.PENANAVZljKC9hv7
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)128Please respect copyright.PENANAmVpBpvqSsP
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別128Please respect copyright.PENANATAa1Vrf6tx
嗰時冇飛機128Please respect copyright.PENANApzbu8LgOfy
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會128Please respect copyright.PENANApyva82Gfuy
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事128Please respect copyright.PENANA192yw8sMko
好似上次柏林會議128Please respect copyright.PENANApNRxtXituB
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人128Please respect copyright.PENANANKwUhV2IN0
相反今次嚟開會嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANAVzcHE7739I
都係各國駐柏林大使128Please respect copyright.PENANAeBsAqPaaZz
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每當要決定某啲事務時128Please respect copyright.PENANAoJtg3Kb3CV
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首128Please respect copyright.PENANArxpJpXIM1P
所以個會都拖到幾長吓128Please respect copyright.PENANApgC0BBmFEl
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假128Please respect copyright.PENANAE30u6nGQbH
總共開咗104日128Please respect copyright.PENANAdDvKX7kCF9
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結128Please respect copyright.PENANAEuZSasbaIv
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)128Please respect copyright.PENANASpjfhRSaGi
咁從側面反映128Please respect copyright.PENANA0qMlR0bIxC
喺嗰時對各國嚟講128Please respect copyright.PENANAOMFGmDhyoj
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大128Please respect copyright.PENANAaa80ViVR3P
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:128Please respect copyright.PENANAmGQg75IO18
1)剛果盆地歸屬128Please respect copyright.PENANAvm4aVj8Lel
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權128Please respect copyright.PENANAQChdpgSFes
3)何謂“有效佔據”128Please respect copyright.PENANAM9Vd1mfmnH
關於第一個問題128Please respect copyright.PENANA6LVOXkoGA6
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓128Please respect copyright.PENANAQu6kPNS1Gc
我就唔係呢度重覆喇128Please respect copyright.PENANA26fCRryI1l
簡單重溫吓128Please respect copyright.PENANAAoMFA4dZQ7
當時各國已經知道128Please respect copyright.PENANAOIeMyeUTRF
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼128Please respect copyright.PENANA3mEdTTh8W1
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇128Please respect copyright.PENANA1jba9UYsXR
不過基於勢力平衡關係128Please respect copyright.PENANA7rjW25eRa1
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地128Please respect copyright.PENANA5JQ2jr1V3P
對各國都有好處128Please respect copyright.PENANAil0Hn3mhrj
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作128Please respect copyright.PENANAOm6wF76BGk
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫128Please respect copyright.PENANA1yQBt7IrKG
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果128Please respect copyright.PENANAjVwJhGtM5n
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸128Please respect copyright.PENANAEQt2tdRiIb
而北岸就歸法國所有128Please respect copyright.PENANAjEURx0FIN1
就係咁128Please respect copyright.PENANAX0d2WhzcVL
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯128Please respect copyright.PENANAvi1aio00oA
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先128Please respect copyright.PENANAoGxOIdAMHo
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議128Please respect copyright.PENANAHxbgG0Ce1K
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAqsh9Qefv5m
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議128Please respect copyright.PENANAupbHCVNGH4
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯128Please respect copyright.PENANAzqfAuo7c4Y
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先128Please respect copyright.PENANA5LMBqPWHim
唔使咁心急住128Please respect copyright.PENANADidDqQv22l
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAD9JPcqFGdn
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題128Please respect copyright.PENANAByByKPjydO
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河128Please respect copyright.PENANAvCMktVDjtt
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道128Please respect copyright.PENANA66xzAZOr4Z
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題128Please respect copyright.PENANAgq4jG1Pkc8
其實就相對簡單128Please respect copyright.PENANAnd3Qqd2orG
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易128Please respect copyright.PENANAQIuulUjgKg
所以航行自由係必須嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANAzAsko6Fk3u
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地128Please respect copyright.PENANAn56E9SVNgP
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益128Please respect copyright.PENANADfQGk2U8Er
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯128Please respect copyright.PENANAoHMvJtVWpX
得得得你坐番低先128Please respect copyright.PENANA42sSiqLaDW
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據128Please respect copyright.PENANAwDASQ9J4bA
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題128Please respect copyright.PENANAMh6brET8ab
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法128Please respect copyright.PENANAKc0L6JMCXi
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後128Please respect copyright.PENANAV4bakGPaNE
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔128Please respect copyright.PENANAZWxYEMVrY2
嗰度就歸佢128Please respect copyright.PENANAvzGMMpsjte
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地128Please respect copyright.PENANAo42O0XB5Gj
對後來者其實相當唔公平128Please respect copyright.PENANAWTQNgk2Jvm
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘128Please respect copyright.PENANAarRGZLQntO
並顯示對當地有實質控制128Please respect copyright.PENANAvt14JSYqiI
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等128Please respect copyright.PENANAAlV56TAzRx
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國128Please respect copyright.PENANAcWflzMnfvG
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增128Please respect copyright.PENANAXjQbc0EqRp
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國128Please respect copyright.PENANAscd8K80eAd
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就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上128Please respect copyright.PENANAMQAXfs4cgB
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANA02c4oppsV6
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仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地128Please respect copyright.PENANAfxQwpX9glE
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都劃晒畀佢128Please respect copyright.PENANAkKC02XXbME
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊128Please respect copyright.PENANAnnnl9BiW3n
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表128Please respect copyright.PENANA7i6qYzvPya
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大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?128Please respect copyright.PENANAaEZFp0BqXj
唔係㗎嘛128Please respect copyright.PENANAJwLH5eWVZJ
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制128Please respect copyright.PENANAYzBp87l0Xn
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度128Please respect copyright.PENANAlBTWIorQup
以剛果河口為例128Please respect copyright.PENANAlLnHDc7XyO
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制128Please respect copyright.PENANAWVjPpaE1ZX
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件128Please respect copyright.PENANAjuGd2gV0qz
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎128Please respect copyright.PENANAyf1YMlxXcZ
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會128Please respect copyright.PENANAnSFvfrxhrF
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉128Please respect copyright.PENANAu1TgHMddco
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議128Please respect copyright.PENANALHF1HEq7vi
支持佢爭取剛果河口128Please respect copyright.PENANAoHaWyeK3rc
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面128Please respect copyright.PENANAvcnGH5vEEi
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒128Please respect copyright.PENANAzqVvAY6iBS
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話128Please respect copyright.PENANAkgImE1kP6Y
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜128Please respect copyright.PENANAMTRAC96ZcN
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”128Please respect copyright.PENANAwALXFNHrx7
是為非洲版過三關128Please respect copyright.PENANABoBmAHbdcr
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難128Please respect copyright.PENANAY407c818iw
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話128Please respect copyright.PENANAahm9wPZ8sj
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”128Please respect copyright.PENANAhS9Ylh1cHm
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兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己128Please respect copyright.PENANAh8NlBjUULh
轉向支持國際剛果協會128Please respect copyright.PENANAZjJyi8zU8F
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口128Please respect copyright.PENANAmLnDh51nhn
獲得完全嘅外交勝利128Please respect copyright.PENANA7xgENc30Ax
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割128Please respect copyright.PENANAWckX0KBJAh
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土128Please respect copyright.PENANAm2iqqrScIx
自始成為一塊飛地128Please respect copyright.PENANAdQoyfGwqV5往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判128Please respect copyright.PENANABM8yIxV7NT
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈128Please respect copyright.PENANAR4GTP7YiEJ
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦128Please respect copyright.PENANASs7igTSpyE
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞128Please respect copyright.PENANApKigSwnh3b
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦128Please respect copyright.PENANAUXFDMLFIQd
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可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生128Please respect copyright.PENANAdhQ1dCQaCj
冇錯128Please respect copyright.PENANAnSizRUd99S
唔只你地128Please respect copyright.PENANA4HmVQJ9bQR
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜128Please respect copyright.PENANAqxOmQZH2rt
正如時任英國首相嘅梳士巴利爵士所言128Please respect copyright.PENANAXyoiWYqmw4
「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」128Please respect copyright.PENANAHqsIW1watn
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地128Please respect copyright.PENANAsKA2pFXHgj
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割128Please respect copyright.PENANAE8ImMIeDud
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益128Please respect copyright.PENANACJNXp3Wgia
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼128Please respect copyright.PENANAvdgYhr5lQS
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦128Please respect copyright.PENANADUW2VsJUQy
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅128Please respect copyright.PENANAOlMrZb3Zhx
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界128Please respect copyright.PENANAkbfYiBmCVE
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咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭128Please respect copyright.PENANA8FtjIKhq2W
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併128Please respect copyright.PENANAcV2EGV8nn8
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整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機128Please respect copyright.PENANAnG54MVIZxo
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對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講128Please respect copyright.PENANAjTT9I9wHpi
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAXNSfpq4n7h
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1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸128Please respect copyright.PENANAaIJG8gmnDT
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講128Please respect copyright.PENANAAgmFNetZz3
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先128Please respect copyright.PENANAfKCZ1B5bHE
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦128Please respect copyright.PENANAsJRuG8hTZz
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的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架128Please respect copyright.PENANAo4hKC61MCF
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕128Please respect copyright.PENANATVI5lKFWjS
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可以話係有今生冇來世
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呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲128Please respect copyright.PENANATwwtzc2kfQ
終究有落幕嘅一日128Please respect copyright.PENANAhNu84GQlY9
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時128Please respect copyright.PENANAHS4KuIfIrb
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡128Please respect copyright.PENANAv6zO2X6RBp
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇128Please respect copyright.PENANAkhnDoT7agJ
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶128Please respect copyright.PENANAdeeaVJAmRw
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦128Please respect copyright.PENANACI7EAwf8ED
1890年3月22號128Please respect copyright.PENANAsfAQN5lP46
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由128Please respect copyright.PENANAfyGpWQXOFY
迫令佢辭職128Please respect copyright.PENANAnRrasgvmKG
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威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
“俾斯麥體系”隨之而瓦解128Please respect copyright.PENANAzg7UqxBF4A
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漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾128Please respect copyright.PENANAnZy0mokoJ3
最終走向大戰⋯⋯128Please respect copyright.PENANAVQFU3lwO6w
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎128Please respect copyright.PENANABLny2RiXTg
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國128Please respect copyright.PENANApJC40SbQN3
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對128Please respect copyright.PENANA25OlhbR7nu
歷史會唔會改寫呢?128Please respect copyright.PENANAZGr1a7Uqw4
德意志帝國同沙俄會唔會繼續存在?128Please respect copyright.PENANA2oppr4YAaE共慘黨又會唔會被掃進棺材呢?128Please respect copyright.PENANANcX6YXvJrt
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
128Please respect copyright.PENANAOmKXVZJsM7
-完-
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