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德國統一初期佢對海外擴張都係相當抗拒95Please respect copyright.PENANAwGmKCAse7p
原因之一係繼承自普魯士嘅帝國海軍95Please respect copyright.PENANAuSI9C5vByu
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根本支撐唔到龐大嘅殖民地發展95Please respect copyright.PENANAJLktY2BHVV
就咁其實德國唔係冇能力發展遠洋艦隊95Please respect copyright.PENANAG14rbCU6Rt
相反德國船廠嘅技術喺當時係首屈一指95Please respect copyright.PENANAOc55yEHX56
號稱遠東最強戰艦嘅定遠號同鎮遠號95Please respect copyright.PENANAnbuZlsyPFl
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個海軍咁鵪鶉嘅原因95Please respect copyright.PENANAeoyv14p1ep
純粹係國策使然啫
定遠號同鎮遠號喺德國港口付運時情況
俾斯麥刻意壓抑海軍發展95Please respect copyright.PENANAZgAjglgr6Q
原因係避免同其他列強直接競爭95Please respect copyright.PENANAkJwYWe858m
例如喺1867年尾95Please respect copyright.PENANAxFNR81aFTL
北德意志邦聯海軍司令繞過俾斯麥95Please respect copyright.PENANAQY0y5Pijyr
直接同中美洲哥斯達黎加協議設立軍港95Please respect copyright.PENANARkjDrzyL3t
當俾斯麥知道時即時叫停95Please respect copyright.PENANAb3yVjNyKxY
原因就係因為佢驚得罪美國95Please respect copyright.PENANAm0yQYaO9SN
(門羅主義下嘅美國對歐洲國家介入美洲事務相當反感)95Please respect copyright.PENANAysmijqZLq1
對一個距離咁遠嘅強國都咁忌憚95Please respect copyright.PENANAIQS3q2xmhN
何況英國、法國呢啲傳統海軍強國95Please respect copyright.PENANAlJ9tETIQLo
以德國個地理位置95Please respect copyright.PENANAlFo5SdjMxt
發展遠洋艦隊95Please respect copyright.PENANAqpPfwnsgvw
根本係浪費寶貴嘅國家資源95Please respect copyright.PENANArHn9FFfRnU
冇強大嘅海軍95Please respect copyright.PENANAaIRnH2BZDC
殖民主義又從何談起呢?
以一個明瞭發展強大海軍弊端嘅歷史偉人95Please respect copyright.PENANAtZbbUB0iP5
嚟命名一艘帝國最強大嘅戰艦95Please respect copyright.PENANAmaxwepqRUy
總係有種開緊歷史玩笑嘅味道⋯⋯
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喺1860年代中期開始95Please respect copyright.PENANAnfcqhzy2O9
尤其係探索剛果盆地成功後95Please respect copyright.PENANAYxCoEM5Smz
各國包括德國嘅民間都充斥住對探險嘅熱情95Please respect copyright.PENANAXn8M0pqPwW
形形色色嘅企業同地理學會都紛紛組團95Please respect copyright.PENANAOKERlj1EZt
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傳統殖民強國好似英法兩國95Please respect copyright.PENANAAvh1JfKWL8
同埋某個博晒老命搵殖民地嘅豆腐膶低地國95Please respect copyright.PENANAH9rrZcfkU1
因為有國家機器加持95Please respect copyright.PENANAcAoUHw7duA
啲探險隊當然就如魚得水啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAQn8jkf5dBc
但係德國嗰啲就陰公喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAwns9ANQ4NO
喺1868年俾斯麥寫畀佢老友戰爭部長羅恩伯爵嘅信中95Please respect copyright.PENANAvrdOWSky5B
佢表明唔會用納稅人嘅錢支持呢啲同國策相違背嘅私人企業活動95Please respect copyright.PENANAihFtlXlYFG
就係咁啲企業就算探到險簽到合作協議都好95Please respect copyright.PENANA3HPgWF2X06
到最後返到德國都會畀俾斯麥拒之門外白忙一場95Please respect copyright.PENANAruWw5nWAr2
攞唔到國家資助自然就發展唔到啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAHDMWr7cJ4z
不過情況好快就會有改變⋯⋯
1878年柏林會議後95Please respect copyright.PENANADo9RPe9cnr
巴爾幹局勢暫時穩定落嚟95Please respect copyright.PENANAtNFL1jgMK9
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為嗰個時代嘅歐洲確立咗一個和平嘅基礎95Please respect copyright.PENANAfZlqmvTRlG
至少係表面上啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAWtrsaTpdbr
俾斯麥終於保得住德國個後欄95Please respect copyright.PENANAY6ZYZ29PWg
可以專心應付嚟自法國嘅敵意喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAvyuLHdo2hk
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英法喺會上嘅枱底交易95Please respect copyright.PENANASEAY7yWmbx
似乎都預視咗嚟緊嘅外交角力焦點95Please respect copyright.PENANAag3QYLxZDy
將會由歐陸轉移到各殖民地事務上95Please respect copyright.PENANAwQ8POcKw8G
同巴爾幹動輒牽扯上幾百年嘅國仇家恨唔同95Please respect copyright.PENANAQIOgPjPO2u
呢啲殖民地爭議95Please respect copyright.PENANA0BBFrpRRjF
本質上純粹係基於經濟利益嘅啫95Please respect copyright.PENANAHi28zqDtiY
德國要參與其中95Please respect copyright.PENANAgAlgQe3Wh3
從而繼續喺外交上孤立法國同分散佢對歐陸嘅注意力嘅話95Please respect copyright.PENANAOh5oAJcGaa
就唔可以好似今次咁只係做個Honest Broker就夠95Please respect copyright.PENANAJXcQhc11kA
佢一定要有啲籌碼喺手95Please respect copyright.PENANADJhpjKTJt9
先可以埋枱玩95Please respect copyright.PENANAZqDAt8bhIw
咁代表俾斯麥要做樣佢唔係好想做嘅嘢──海外擴張95Please respect copyright.PENANAwBATZqwDDC
喺1880年尾開始95Please respect copyright.PENANA0xJH08vr2l
之前食飽閉門羹嘅企業同機構95Please respect copyright.PENANAGjtBPVMAE8
陸續獲得俾斯麥接見95Please respect copyright.PENANAFHaYVU9gf7
並且陸續獲批殖民地嘅特許狀95Please respect copyright.PENANAsQMuael0Iz
1884年4月-德屬西南非洲(納米比亞);7月-西非嘅多哥蘭同喀麥隆;95Please respect copyright.PENANAfNoDM6ulef
1885年2月-德屬東非(坦桑尼亞);4月-肯雅95Please respect copyright.PENANAIkCIlv8EGm
加埋幾個喺南太平洋嘅群島仔95Please respect copyright.PENANARb3NFTqgYj
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就由冇到有咁建立起僅次於英法兩國、全球第三大嘅殖民帝國喇
德國喺非洲嘅殖民地
俾斯麥為日爾曼尼亞着起名為殖民主義嘅新裝
睇落好似好威威咁95Please respect copyright.PENANAl3Qo3R28H4
不過呢啲殖民地其實都係掛個名係德國旗下嘅啫95Please respect copyright.PENANAsL4qhY9OEO
因為俾斯麥根本唔想使太多錢喺呢度95Please respect copyright.PENANAPNlS3JGv2n
呢一紙特許狀純粹係畀呢啲殖民地公司專營權95Please respect copyright.PENANA66gIn5SQ2F
同喺“必要”時提供軍事援助啫95Please respect copyright.PENANAJlHn2ME2zu
咩探索呀開發呀治安呀嗰啲麻煩就閣下自理喇95Please respect copyright.PENANABMH1dGRPji
呢個由私人公司主導嘅殖民模式係註定失敗嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANA3moCDzYYuI
皆因冇國家機器直接統籌嘅話95Please respect copyright.PENANA68QyoQHTHQ
民間機構係冇可能處理到殖民地入面嘅諸多事務95Please respect copyright.PENANAdby4z0waN2
強如英國東印度公司呢間有國家支援嘅百年老店95Please respect copyright.PENANAfiJxvIBC4S
最後都要衰喺一場全國暴動上95Please respect copyright.PENANAKTl7JHypeY
要政府接管執手尾
由牛油同豬油引發嘅1857年印度兵變
咁你會問明知死路一條點解俾斯麥都仲要行嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANAvAK0gv2cDQ
首先要搞清楚死嘅唔係俾斯麥唔係德國95Please respect copyright.PENANALcOCz6sP2w
而係啲私人企業95Please respect copyright.PENANAS1Wbl1RuPS
畢竟呢啲殖民地開發不嬲都係高風險㗎啦95Please respect copyright.PENANA6dvjJ71K9H
佢地死冇人會覺得出奇95Please respect copyright.PENANAH2HBxGH2Dd
更重要嘅係俾斯麥本身就唔想發得太大95Please respect copyright.PENANAq5m1BlGnam
佢要嘅效果95Please respect copyright.PENANAL45HiZKO4W
就係用最低成本95Please respect copyright.PENANAgXeWUUrBVn
令德國喺短時間內95Please respect copyright.PENANAWB9OYefDnK
獲取足夠多嘅殖民地95Please respect copyright.PENANAqVi1no0FOj
等佢可以喺嚟緊英法之間嘅殖民地爭議中善價而沽95Please respect copyright.PENANAolsZCoxO1R
德國作為老三要做嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANAEajFtTOb1j
就係平衡阿大同老二嘅勢力95Please respect copyright.PENANA2EZYSSxRQr
等佢地喺下面慢慢耗95Please respect copyright.PENANAyAw19rgt1R
自己喺歐陸先會安穩95Please respect copyright.PENANApKW01ssTMg
呢樣就係俾斯麥點解喺1880年代無啦啦搞殖民主義最底層嘅原因喇
好喇籌碼就喺手喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAcFAk9zyC4V
而家就爭咁張賭枱95Please respect copyright.PENANAgF5Yovj0xS
俾斯麥需要一個好似上次柏林會議咁嘅外交場合95Please respect copyright.PENANALVyqJbQTDY
等佢可以遊走於英法嘅殖民地鬥爭之中95Please respect copyright.PENANAxCffswkTJw
咁啱法國同比利時喺剛果河流域歸屬問題上嘅爭議95Please respect copyright.PENANAca5Gy8ziiS
有越演越烈嘅趨勢95Please respect copyright.PENANAxPw7hWKwD0
而本來已經衰落到冇人理嘅葡萄牙95Please respect copyright.PENANAJF5qPyK6cF
又突然喺櫳底摷咗份鹹鹹臭臭嘅條約出嚟95Please respect copyright.PENANAKuM1AuOg5Y
話早喺15世紀已經同當地嘅剛果王國簽訂協議95Please respect copyright.PENANAdjfDrUVwUQ
可以自由使用剛果河口南岸嘅一大片土地95Please respect copyright.PENANAqURrxte0lG
(即現今安哥拉,詳情請參閱第二集)95Please respect copyright.PENANAYgHQJoYiHB
要佢大佬英國撑佢維護當地嘅領土完整95Please respect copyright.PENANA8o6eK1z5hG
忽然間剛果河就成為四國爭拗嘅熱點95Please respect copyright.PENANAnRVfsk4ts3
俾斯麥心諗喂掂呀屌你95Please respect copyright.PENANAYGhIWBrjG8
於是建議大家過嚟柏林開個會斟斟95Please respect copyright.PENANANgzhvvXKcR
各國見上次柏林會議搞得幾靚仔吓95Please respect copyright.PENANA1PzTLPkHrr
都紛紛嚮應95Please respect copyright.PENANAMY9TjThye2
最終1884年11月15號喺俾斯麥嘅官邸95Please respect copyright.PENANARrsrUYCyL8
齊集除咗瑞士同啲鹹豆咁細嘅鼻屎國外全部歐洲國家95Please respect copyright.PENANALi8m8DLvHl
再加上美國同鄂圖曼總共14個國家同組織95Please respect copyright.PENANAPkjRjxBIYJ
(比利時係以國際剛果協會而唔係國家名義參加)95Please respect copyright.PENANA0MmUUtVgh2
參與呢個惡名昭彰、後世駡不絕口嘅柏林剛果會議喇
其實呢個會喺外交上唔算好高級別95Please respect copyright.PENANAHfQXDMZ5pc
嗰時冇飛機95Please respect copyright.PENANAFYX4p4pnnb
要一國首腦掉低本國事務山長水遠去一個地方開個會95Please respect copyright.PENANAhMdHABAlt5
必定係關乎到國運嘅大事95Please respect copyright.PENANAQvF3cWalRn
好似上次柏林會議95Please respect copyright.PENANAPgBeN69zSM
與會嘅全部唔係外長就係首相本人95Please respect copyright.PENANAq0NrqrPSZs
相反今次嚟開會嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANAC3ln8ytwSf
都係各國駐柏林大使95Please respect copyright.PENANAhXV3jVZYBR
亦因為咁佢地係做唔到重大決定嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANAxK7R4k0RkF
每當要決定某啲事務時95Please respect copyright.PENANA9aw1szcYu8
啲大使都要聯絡本國外長甚至元首95Please respect copyright.PENANAHQPkORVTZ9
所以個會都拖到幾長吓95Please respect copyright.PENANA3LEs86Vhte
計埋聖誕同新年放咗幾日假95Please respect copyright.PENANAEYvY4Qe0Vu
總共開咗104日95Please respect copyright.PENANAEvvKZyQNFC
到第二年嘅2月26號先完結95Please respect copyright.PENANAk51cVpyORJ
(對比1878年嗰次就啱啱好開咗一個月)95Please respect copyright.PENANACxNFwYRAfK
咁從側面反映95Please respect copyright.PENANA8a9bpXUrbs
喺嗰時對各國嚟講95Please respect copyright.PENANAYoPl871ul7
殖民地政策所佔嘅比重其實唔算好大95Please respect copyright.PENANAeBFeDszpUy
不過好快就會有改變
呢個會主要解決嘅問題有:95Please respect copyright.PENANA13zYjBPN6B
1)剛果盆地歸屬95Please respect copyright.PENANAKIFbgTbv3B
2)兩大水系(尼日河同剛果河)航權95Please respect copyright.PENANAwd7D9ltPTu
3)何謂“有效佔據”95Please respect copyright.PENANAixtUlhtzGG
關於第一個問題95Please respect copyright.PENANABKTX7ZMpXI
喺我對上一篇《由比利時嘅斷掌朱古力講起》都有約略講過吓95Please respect copyright.PENANAFmSmui6kRg
我就唔係呢度重覆喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAXHoiD2CWed
簡單重溫吓95Please respect copyright.PENANAessMmSY7yM
當時各國已經知道95Please respect copyright.PENANAoo4zhHocNM
利奧波德二世呢個掛住人道主義者面具嘅豺狼95Please respect copyright.PENANAN9LqUA6iXh
背後嘅陰謀㗎喇95Please respect copyright.PENANApUwg6IFAyD
不過基於勢力平衡關係95Please respect copyright.PENANArCP1X4LzQH
畀中立國比利時控制中非呢一大片土地95Please respect copyright.PENANAutRH5zxbSl
對各國都有好處95Please respect copyright.PENANAldA46quwvX
而法國喺剛果河北岸呢一輪大動作95Please respect copyright.PENANAmjQY2xJYGg
目的都只係警示利奧波德二世唔好諗住踩過界啫95Please respect copyright.PENANAYrXs3RcFhy
並唔係真係想爭晒成個剛果95Please respect copyright.PENANAe8jMFhk962
所以與會各國一致贊成由國際剛果協會管理剛果河南岸95Please respect copyright.PENANATosXIi6HSb
而北岸就歸法國所有95Please respect copyright.PENANAW1pTD9fCxH
就係咁95Please respect copyright.PENANA3FboVLxyy2
剛果自由邦成為咗利奧波德二世苦心經營下嘅外交奇蹟喇
剛果自由邦北面疆界基本上就係剛果河
OK搞掂一樣會議繼續⋯⋯95Please respect copyright.PENANAlNI4IbSB2J
…咪住主席有樣嘢要搞清楚先95Please respect copyright.PENANAXGyOXAFgaZ
剛果盆地歸國際剛果協會我冇異議95Please respect copyright.PENANAZcbz95QIH7
不過剛果河口個主權就唔同咁講喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAlOELVdbDiL
嗱呢份係我國喺1491年同剛果國王約翰一世所簽訂嘅合作協議95Please respect copyright.PENANAkSgT0DB02E
訂明我國可以自由使用整個剛果河口⋯⋯95Please respect copyright.PENANAqknJrqSYNO
等等葡萄牙代表你收番張梅菜坐番低先95Please respect copyright.PENANA9MZaWT6boL
唔使咁心急住95Please respect copyright.PENANAlL1mgefQDx
你呢個提案將會同你另一個提案一併處理㗎喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAEswemoTB23
咳唔⋯⋯咁會議就進入第二個議題95Please respect copyright.PENANAnVepi20dYm
撒哈拉以南兩大河流──西非嘅尼日河同中非嘅剛果河95Please respect copyright.PENANAqWc9sZVoXr
一直都係通往非洲內陸最重要嘅航道95Please respect copyright.PENANAIo8UxLLebw
關於呢兩大水系嘅通航問題95Please respect copyright.PENANApYS20DwrNj
其實就相對簡單95Please respect copyright.PENANAchZeftARYv
因為成個會打正旗號係用自由貿易開化啲黑鬼達至遏止奴隸貿易95Please respect copyright.PENANAsxBpbccKtQ
所以航行自由係必須嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANAKMillSH6xY
尼日河口位於英國佔據嘅尼日三角洲保護地95Please respect copyright.PENANAopBpea7Qd5
理所當然進入尼日河所需嘅物流保安等等嘅需求同收益95Please respect copyright.PENANA5Dein3HreD
自然就由英國所負責同享用啦
尼日河同佢廣闊流域內嘅盆地
至於剛果河呢⋯⋯95Please respect copyright.PENANA1qcrcXxi3d
得得得你坐番低先95Please respect copyright.PENANA2ZBqvQ2dQM
而家就處理今個會第三個要解決嘅問題──何謂有效佔據95Please respect copyright.PENANA9eSGfjiUxE
順便講埋葡萄牙嘅議題95Please respect copyright.PENANAmbnqss3yo9
本來列強殖民非洲個玩法95Please respect copyright.PENANA3mr4NPvq2u
一路都係佔據非洲沿岸各個河口海灣後95Please respect copyright.PENANAnx8iAFunbY
再同當地土著簽吓合作協議、起吓貿易站仔95Please respect copyright.PENANA4dnNn2xpWP
嗰度就歸佢95Please respect copyright.PENANAaqH2slDBCU
不過畀啲先入局嘅咁樣咁低成本霸晒啲地95Please respect copyright.PENANAVnoAGaoj9G
對後來者其實相當唔公平95Please respect copyright.PENANAvKdgNA61Yx
俾斯麥建議殖民者需要同當地部落簽署協議之餘95Please respect copyright.PENANAnGpUzQ6u2W
並顯示對當地有實質控制95Please respect copyright.PENANAUdAEV2ggBa
好似有發展基建或者駐紮軍隊維持治安等等95Please respect copyright.PENANAnolfu9KBhc
嗰度先算係佢轄下嘅保護國95Please respect copyright.PENANAs8MhLUn4UH
咁樣嘅話英法兩國嘅殖民地開支必定會大增95Please respect copyright.PENANAulV0MjQGcU
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目的就係要用呢堆小國嚟牽制英法呢兩個老牌殖民大國95Please respect copyright.PENANAtzCYlJ47GV
而英國個豬隊友葡萄牙嘅立場95Please respect copyright.PENANA49X7Adr0AX
就直程令俾斯麥如虎添翼啦
喺今次個會上95Please respect copyright.PENANAOAIxoVXEXG
葡萄牙其實係相當進取嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANANMa7qyhssX
除咗說服英國支持佢爭剛果河口外95Please respect copyright.PENANA5yIK2yZ7y9
仲喺會議上提出以先發現原則劃地95Please respect copyright.PENANAMGn81cdVH3
並提議將東非莫桑比克同西非安哥拉之間一大片土地95Please respect copyright.PENANAb10FzKSJw5
都劃晒畀佢95Please respect copyright.PENANAnFOaYl3SDh
形成貫穿非洲中南部嘅走廊95Please respect copyright.PENANAVb6Zh0rdWN
即係所謂嘅“粉紅地圖”
…嗱阿葡萄牙代表95Please respect copyright.PENANAjiGkZ7EBla
而家個遊戲玩法同你地個腦停留嗰個年代唔同晒㗎喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAcc45MIjxga
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咁成個非洲都係你㗎啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAJ5rexqwQHv
大家可以收工返歸啦嘛係咪?95Please respect copyright.PENANAVBYURBkafc
唔係㗎嘛95Please respect copyright.PENANAu1spJfd7xu
而家個原則就係邊個證明到對一笪地方有實質控制95Please respect copyright.PENANAKZocv6jAg2
邊個先有資格去佔據嗰度95Please respect copyright.PENANA1Q3llFVkgk
以剛果河口為例95Please respect copyright.PENANA1nzFXn0LcH
國際剛果協會已經證明咗佢對嗰度有實質控制95Please respect copyright.PENANAv7ES8dj38J
而你就只係得份連簽署國都滅亡咗嘅歷史文件95Please respect copyright.PENANAJ0gkUfKZwI
咁樣我地好難做㗎喎95Please respect copyright.PENANA7hDt7QdAQe
我建議剛果河口北岸歸國際剛果協會95Please respect copyright.PENANAewPvaNTnKb
南岸就歸葡屬安哥拉95Please respect copyright.PENANAcHbk29JN58
大家有冇異議?本來英國早喺2月已經同葡萄牙簽署協議95Please respect copyright.PENANAloTYu28jjx
支持佢爭取剛果河口95Please respect copyright.PENANAtio4QYBA8v
不過當呢份“粉紅地圖”一擺上枱面95Please respect copyright.PENANA6wLpEhqNye
英國佬即刻嬲到紅都面晒95Please respect copyright.PENANAKc9xmWe9Ce
事關如果畀葡萄牙建立到呢條中南非走廊嘅話95Please respect copyright.PENANAy0Y7qCC0Dk
佢嗰個籌備中嘅“縱斷非洲”計劃就會斷纜95Please respect copyright.PENANAYqcqGkkx9R
呢樣嘢係絕對唔可以發生
英國嘅“縱斷非洲”同法國嘅“橫斷非洲”95Please respect copyright.PENANAua8oZ4KR6a
是為非洲版過三關95Please respect copyright.PENANAnRXH8ITiIl
詳情請參閱我對上一篇廢文
英國即時陷於兩難95Please respect copyright.PENANAeLN6BrDkCl
如果支持葡萄牙個先發現原則攞剛果河口嘅話95Please respect copyright.PENANA4YwgQ1qsBV
佢就要同時承認“粉紅地圖”95Please respect copyright.PENANAIh4pOaqSCo
如果要保住佢盤過三關嘅話95Please respect copyright.PENANABmtqAwqqLI
佢就要接受俾斯麥嘅詭計兼背棄盟友95Please respect copyright.PENANAnHnTlqRcMS
兩害取其輕下英國佬決定叫葡萄牙吔自己95Please respect copyright.PENANAfHtZ9RU4Ud
轉向支持國際剛果協會95Please respect copyright.PENANAGpDZQON8QD
利奧波德二世得到彌足珍貴嘅出海口95Please respect copyright.PENANA5wI4KZR0g1
獲得完全嘅外交勝利95Please respect copyright.PENANA1WJt81hVRt
而俾斯麥為英法兩國所搭建嘅呢個非洲鬥獸場亦就此完成喇
因為柏林會議嘅分割95Please respect copyright.PENANAFbuBvb0IqH
剛果河北岸安哥拉嘅領土95Please respect copyright.PENANAceH1V33VFy
自始成為一塊飛地95Please respect copyright.PENANAXMufig87qU往後章節都會提及吓非洲呢啲奇奇怪怪嘅劃界
跟住落嚟嘅會議就係與會各國之間嘅雙邊或者三邊談判95Please respect copyright.PENANABL42dPRWG9
基本上都係喺非洲有殖民地嗰啲國家就領土劃分上互相博弈95Please respect copyright.PENANACaKQO4yy4P
例如德國讓出東非桑吉巴蘇丹國嘅主導權畀英國嚟換取北海一個小島啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAvSKUOtvOZU
或者法國同意意大利佔領利比亞同非洲之角嘅厄立特里亞95Please respect copyright.PENANAxK4IKIifJf
以尋求意大利承認法國喺突尼西亞嘅主權啦95Please respect copyright.PENANA9jhZmWEod7
又或者英國用北尼日利亞同法國交換紐芬蘭嘅捕魚權等等95Please respect copyright.PENANACilIPKErrv
可能各位小朋友都對呢堆遙遠嘅名字感到陌生95Please respect copyright.PENANAlxMgOtMeTL
冇錯95Please respect copyright.PENANARWER8YgeBj
唔只你地95Please respect copyright.PENANAqDXqzFaCXN
連當時啲遠在歐洲嘅王公貴冑都唔知嗰度有啲乜95Please respect copyright.PENANAS6eqUD3RAK
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「我地交換到嘅呢啲山脈、湖泊同土地,實際上係連我地都唔知喺邊」95Please respect copyright.PENANA88WfkWwBoF
事實上整個非洲就畀列強當成無主之地95Please respect copyright.PENANA2rgDYpTUMc
直尺一度、大筆一揮就被肆意分割95Please respect copyright.PENANAYu1Jtcfboc
分割出嚟嘅“籌碼”就被用作交換各色各樣同非洲相關或者唔相關嘅利益95Please respect copyright.PENANA0kJvGSxoVb
至於啲世居喺呢片「未知國度」嘅黑鬼95Please respect copyright.PENANA9uMWpTOFtj
佢地嘅利益理所當然就唔會被考慮啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAAODnnKHGKH
伴隨住呢啲分割嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANAOxq1yHpkhD
係非洲入面唔同部族喺千百年間自然演化出嚟嘅勢力範圍被重新劃分
呢啲歐洲人強加於非洲嘅疆界95Please respect copyright.PENANAsggbcQYptf
往往會將敵對嘅部族劃埋一齊95Please respect copyright.PENANAibFKeIfi8y
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咁好自然敵對嘅勢力會互相鬥爭95Please respect copyright.PENANAGde9VdL6HU
相同嘅部族又會試圖合併95Please respect copyright.PENANAJ8bZzlJls4
非洲人嘅命運巨輪自始悄然起動95Please respect copyright.PENANAfIg4S0ntX6
整個非洲將會成為一部特大號嘅絞肉機95Please respect copyright.PENANAJvKIYYy1ZD
不過呢啲咁遙遠又咁長遠嘅事95Please respect copyright.PENANAVw15LTx1vu
對當時身處歐洲廟堂嘅諸公嚟講95Please respect copyright.PENANA8id1RRLmab
又點會理會同預料到呢
殖民時期前嘅部族勢力分界同現代非洲國界重叠圖
非洲喺二戰後各地武裝衝突地點示意圖
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呢啲無視當地土著勢力範圍嘅分割95Please respect copyright.PENANAnjvwhv9Nyz
就係往後非洲紛亂不堪最重要嘅起始因素喇95Please respect copyright.PENANAklXdCX3ElF
根據地域可以將呢啲衝突歸類為四個“重災區”95Please respect copyright.PENANAOxAJMgDTfF
1)法國控制、穆斯林人口主導嘅北非地中海沿岸95Please respect copyright.PENANAoTi8fzysSH
2)北緯12度以南、撒哈拉同中非雨林之間嘅草原地帶
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意思係“撒哈拉之海以南”95Please respect copyright.PENANAmUGtIkAxz9
視乎旱澇情況呢度既係北面穆斯林嘅放牧場又係南面土著王國嘅耕地95Please respect copyright.PENANAnO1dUE5fao
自古以來就係兩邊人互相廝咬嘅源頭
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4)礦產資源豐富、較為發達但係貧富極為懸殊嘅非洲南部95Please respect copyright.PENANAgmfL2Fqo1L
基本上各自都有自身獨特嘅原因搞到今時今日咁嘅田地95Please respect copyright.PENANABOjxIKznJu
呢啲會喺嚟緊嘅章節慢慢去講95Please respect copyright.PENANAcPS2RsdMfk
不過我會講講佢地共同擁有嘅“歷史機遇”先95Please respect copyright.PENANA4Xz0oM7Dyv
下一集《盛宴之後》再同大家吹過
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識睇嘅就梗係睇埋個尾啦95Please respect copyright.PENANA8ckNkxoG2D
話說柏林會議雖然為後世所唾罵95Please respect copyright.PENANALEPn8WpXLM
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的確為各殖民宗主國提供咗一個文明解決潛在爭議嘅框架95Please respect copyright.PENANAjerxdo9Lia
俾斯麥憑藉佢靈活嘅外交手腕95Please respect copyright.PENANAKBCmsfSS0n
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一步步拆解分岐95Please respect copyright.PENANAKkcC7D9ifq
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唔使動輒就要打要殺95Please respect copyright.PENANA2NzKsmLBdv
目的都係為德國提供一個穩定嘅歐陸95Please respect copyright.PENANAdRkThPKVSj
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德意志帝國有幸有呢位無雙國士95Please respect copyright.PENANAvdiWiZorof
可以話係有今生冇來世
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就註定有明君先可以有賢臣嘅95Please respect copyright.PENANALgr7zpocWq
呢台由俾斯麥一人擔綱嘅獨腳戲95Please respect copyright.PENANASPyBYluqeA
終究有落幕嘅一日95Please respect copyright.PENANAlyYbkEbBVt
當嗰位自信滿滿又衝動成性嘅少主登基時95Please respect copyright.PENANA1GaZzJtqqF
俾斯麥嗰套遊走於各方矛盾嘅平衡95Please respect copyright.PENANATaTUplPjXl
就唔係好啱佢胃口喇95Please respect copyright.PENANA6meY6J8KDb
佢覺得戰戰兢兢咁踩鋼線實在太慢太悶95Please respect copyright.PENANArghF8R83eh
不如痛痛快快咁玩跳火圈啦95Please respect copyright.PENANAhY68yLH0J7
1890年3月22號95Please respect copyright.PENANAM1YvjhPXU9
威廉二世以俾斯麥推行嘅反社會主義者法案過於激進為由95Please respect copyright.PENANAebm9U0RS4P
迫令佢辭職95Please respect copyright.PENANAVtZSwmg97n
自此呢位德意志帝國嘅舵手就黯然落台95Please respect copyright.PENANASYa6AGwNOI
威廉仔亦都開始周圍點火表演跳火圈喇
領航員落船
日耳曼尼亞同俾斯麥睇住兒皇帝玩火自焚
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德國再唔係穩定歐陸勢力嘅伙伴95Please respect copyright.PENANAelNLmw8jxl
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漸漸合作變成對立、猜忌加劇矛盾95Please respect copyright.PENANApTGvTjwcl0
最終走向大戰⋯⋯95Please respect copyright.PENANAVY3QOh9mJY
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最佳答案有時真係未必有最好結果㗎95Please respect copyright.PENANA5yskZ2d2DC
如果1878年柏林會議時俾斯麥狠下決心撐俄國95Please respect copyright.PENANAzOdr1skC7D
令世界大戰由威廉一世-俾斯麥-老毛奇呢個鐵三角應對95Please respect copyright.PENANAcyI1gs9m27
歷史會唔會改寫呢?95Please respect copyright.PENANA7UtWjyi7Zw
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又會點樣寫呢個故仔呢?
95Please respect copyright.PENANA1rxrMyw6Z9
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