麵包,又稱之為人造果實,養活了數以百萬計的人口。779Please respect copyright.PENANA9Qu0WgFhoy
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市面常見的麵包大多經歷過發酵的程序,未經發酵過的多數是用在宗教用途之上;779Please respect copyright.PENANAr3o4TxXz8a
當年摩西引領群眾渡過紅海的過程實在非常迅速,麵團還來不及發酵的時候便已逃離沙漠,成為了無酵餅的存在。779Please respect copyright.PENANAw8MvOGMzFa
779Please respect copyright.PENANArw45NbKkSs
779Please respect copyright.PENANANx2o3o9Lii
製作發酵麵包,所需的材料離不開五寶–麵粉、酵母、水、鹽、糖。779Please respect copyright.PENANADcCE6UkfDZ
779Please respect copyright.PENANA2iCulOZWXf
麵粉是麵包的最主要成份,內含蛋白質、澱粉質、纖維、脂肪、水份以及微量的維他命及礦物質。779Please respect copyright.PENANA7rmKiB0AK0
以小麥麵粉為例,裡頭最主要的兩款蛋白質為麥膠蛋白與及麩質。麩質在麵團裡組成網狀結構,為麵包帶來彈性與及空氣滯留的空間。779Please respect copyright.PENANAbnyk4MaFa0
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酵母是為麵團的膨鬆劑,它們能夠在無氧的情況下把糖粉轉化成為二氧化碳,擴大麵團的體積。779Please respect copyright.PENANANwxYEBro7t
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水除了能夠把麵粉變成麵團外,亦能協助糖粉和鹽份溶在麵團之中,以及讓酵母進行糖粉分解的過程。779Please respect copyright.PENANA7fIJ3RyzDw
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鹽粉可以增強麩質的彈性,控制酵母的反應速度,作調味用途。糖粉為酵母前期發酵時候的必要材料,同時亦能防止澱粉質重新結晶化,有著保鮮的用途。779Please respect copyright.PENANAyRXAhjqGXr
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上述的材料均是製作麵包的基本材料,因著情況的不同,牛奶、牛油、蛋黃、朱古力與及各式各樣的配料均能放進麵團裡頭,為麵包帶來不同的味道及口感。779Please respect copyright.PENANA6gKJt8jIHN