考律師這件事及其他 - 親等的算法 (感謝阿舉舉～)

親等的算法 (感謝阿舉舉～)

Apr 1, 2024

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4 Mins Read

【Oct/26/2024 補充：甲男得否與喪偶後之舅母結婚？】

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「基於尊重結婚自由，過去不能結婚的旁系姻親，現在有解套的方法了！」

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https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=825879146243577&set=a.412433327588163

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https://lawplayer.com/judgment/TPSV,112,%E5%8F%B0%E7%B0%A1%E6%8A%97,79,20231115,1_73a0f8905d78b7919e061c911b3f36c0561ebb4d

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太好了，我一直很困惑：

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http://www.oasislaw.com.tw/knowledge_detail.aspx?ID=abb2b712-3c5c-4b45-bc67-dc8c103e7f16

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裡面提到：「我國《民法》規定，『姻親關係，因離婚而消滅；結婚經撤銷者亦同。』也就是配偶死亡並不會解除姻親關係，簡單說，淑芬因丈夫死亡而婚姻關係消滅，卻不代表她和夫家的『親戚』關係就消滅，那些她必須稱呼他們『公婆、小叔、小姑』的人依然是親戚。在1985年修法前，或許還因再婚而脫離那些姻親關係，但修法之後，即便再婚，也不解除姻親關係，淑芬繼續是亡夫家的媳婦與大嫂。」

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若是配偶死亡，配偶的血親還是姻親——那可真難為了那些與夫家/妻家血親 (＝已逝配偶的直系和旁系血親) 不合的人，老公/老婆死了，根本沒血緣關係的人竟然還是親戚，甩不掉耶，想來就恐怖。

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～～～～分隔線～～～～

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「在身分關係上，婚姻關係消滅後，除了當事人間的配偶關係消滅外，與對方親屬的姻親關係也隨即消滅。較有爭議的是於配偶死亡的情形下，因《民法》第971條明定姻親消滅事由為離婚或婚姻撤銷並未提及配偶死亡之情形，所以一方配偶死亡後，尚生存配偶和亡故配偶的其他親屬間仍具姻親關係，因此仍可能有扶養義務的發生。」

出處：https://kpmg.com/tw/zh/home/insights/2023/04/property-distribution-for-divorce.html

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此外，〖法律百科：姻親關係消滅問題〗

https://www.legis-pedia.com/QA/question/486

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～～～～分隔線～～～～

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但是 112 年度最高法院台簡抗字第 79 號的裁定，只要「書面合意終止姻親關係」，似乎可以解套了。

只是，還是要兩造簽下「終止姻親關係合意書」才行，不過，至少有解方了。

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【Apr/01/2024 首發】

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【原文出處】(請見留言區)

https://www.penana.com/article/1372560

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法普一下：349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5YDEVTroNc
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law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=B0000001349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaZ0dPIp43D
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【民法第983條】349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDpUQyU0tKw
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1 與左列親屬，不得結婚：349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCtcoeCvwPj
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一、直系血親及直系姻親。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0c81HjNdyB
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二、旁系血親在六親等以內者。但因收養而成立之四親等及六親等旁系血親，輩分相同者，不在此限。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFou8aVH6O4
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三、旁系姻親在五親等以內，輩分不相同者。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBJPhxlNGmf
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2 前項直系姻親結婚之限制，於姻親關係消滅後，亦適用之。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7jvkO9UgmP
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3 第一項直系血親及直系姻親結婚之限制，於因收養而成立之直系親屬間，在收養關係終止後，亦適用之。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrErrCnAOem
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～～～～～我是分隔線～～～～～349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0mb85bYXYB
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解釋一下：349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLUJbTzwdqj
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一、Ｘ不能和Ｘ的爸爸、媽媽、內外阿公、內外阿嬤、兒子、女兒、孫兒、孫女⋯⋯(再上或再下就不列了～) 結婚。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnW9OqNCRFM
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(以上為直系血親)349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzJtKqNh52G
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二、如何算親等：只要記得父母和子女是一親等 (所以，祖父母和阿孫是二親等)，手足彼此二親等。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY8SUCe6jiL
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例如：Ａ、Ｂ為手足，Ａ和Ａ父或Ａ母為一親等＋Ｂ和Ｂ父或Ｂ母為一親等＝二親等，其他均可用此來算。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ26RUe71M0a
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(注意：同父同母、同父異母、同母異父均適用！！)349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEzVGDvTVvZ
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～～～我是小分隔線～～～349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi6HszxNN9l
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問：Ｃ、Ｄ是堂兄妹 (同一個阿嬤)，則Ｃ、Ｄ幾親等？349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcShvfQiJRE
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答：Ｃ和Ｃ爸一親等；Ｃ爸和Ｄ爸是兄弟，為二親等；Ｄ爸和Ｄ為親子 (爸爸和女兒)，為一親等：349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkVmfFX2kJq
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Ｃ和Ｄ的親等＝ 1+2+1=4，為四親等。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCbZ2I8LBen
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所以，堂兄妹/姊弟/兄弟/姊妹、姑或姨或舅表兄妹/姊弟/兄弟/姊妹都是四親等。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFq3tj4uJKI
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無論關係再遠，都可以用此法算出來；畫樹狀圖會更清楚，但比較花時間。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmEs9Vzcpqn
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收養因為沒血緣，所以規定比較寬；如果有血緣的話 (例如收養弟弟的孩子，或是過繼～)，還是要算出血親的親等。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4A8BzrvXXp
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～～～～～再一條分隔線～～～～～349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcgAc8rjQE4
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三、姻親類：把配偶當本人算，算法如上。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFofTV7meiQ
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注意：姻親無血緣關係。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPfhKEgeYUR
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所以Ｙ不能和Ｙ配偶的爸爸、媽媽、內外阿公、內外阿嬤、之前婚姻的兒子、之前婚姻的女兒、之前婚姻的孫兒、之前婚姻的孫女⋯⋯(再上或再下就不列了～) 結婚。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXCy2pM3De0
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(以上為直系姻親)349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUvfY5sbVFB
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旁系姻親，比照旁系血親。記住姻親兩點：把配偶當本人算、姻親無血緣關係，加上算親等的口訣：親子一親等、手足兩親等、親子是直系、手足是旁系。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKUte9oZ4Ah
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就可以了。349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2O89vyTqSA
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這是我自己整理出來的公式(??，這樣寫海量選擇題才會快。

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【補充教材】349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgUY1KaEG7I
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legis-pedia.com/article/family-relationship/539349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ42gN1VdYby
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hs.nnkieh.tn.edu.tw/modules/tad_web/news.php?WebID=14&NewsID=2151349Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyu2GDObMkS
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有問題可以問我 (註)，但自己會算，則記得更牢！！

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(註)：我 tag 蕉園一些高中生用戶，希望能對他們在親屬親等的算法上面，提供助益^^

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