癌細胞逃避免疫細胞追殺的手段何其之多,除了較早前提及的PD1/PD1L手段之外,他們亦會用上民建聯蛇齋餅糉的手段應對免疫細胞。472Please respect copyright.PENANAUVs5xDfhbr472Please respect copyright.PENANA7DQ4iPG6gz
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PD1/PD1L手段:https://lih.kg/gzGnLS472Please respect copyright.PENANAI7WOxmj8W8
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(圖2)癌細胞(尤其是腦癌)會表達大量的TDO蛋白酶,TDO蛋白酶會將從外來吸取的氨基酸Tryptophan代謝成為Kynureine;472Please respect copyright.PENANAqqrJlULyML
整個代謝過程是在癌細胞的內部發生。472Please respect copyright.PENANATIVs2IH6Rg472Please respect copyright.PENANAZmJcdc9ksp
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(圖3)癌細胞可以自用Kynurenine來觸發AhR蛋白質,輔助自己的生長。472Please respect copyright.PENANAyNB98TA2Fu
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同時間,癌細胞亦可將Kynurenine排出四周,而當周遭的免疫細胞吸取Kynurenine後,他們殲滅癌細胞的能力便會下降。472Please respect copyright.PENANABm1WjPEqyf
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亦即是說,當免疫細胞獲取癌細胞所提供的蛇齋餅糉(Kynurenine)後,隨之便會被成功收買,不再侵襲癌細胞。472Please respect copyright.PENANA8KbjDMs308
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(圖4)除Kynurenine外,二噁英亦能觸發AhR蛋白質,為癌細胞締造一道美好的生存環境。472Please respect copyright.PENANASqGNcDuhx3
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現今有不少癌症藥物正試圖阻隔AhR蛋白質的觸發來消滅癌症,但亦有證據指出過度阻隔AhR蛋白質有機會反而助長癌細胞的生長,以及引發不良的過敏炎症。472Please respect copyright.PENANAyCRL9gKLBF
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除研發阻隔AhR蛋白質藥物外,亦有一道方向是研發藥物減低周遭的Kynurenine濃度,減低癌細胞弱化周遭免疫細胞的能力。472Please respect copyright.PENANAlz7jdBePcz
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若然成功,或許能配合現有的免疫治療PD1方法加強效果,消滅癌症。472Please respect copyright.PENANAU30NHRbLI7
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/nature10491472Please respect copyright.PENANAWyf96DBoCv
Ref2:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165614717302249472Please respect copyright.PENANA3YiwvHlPEk