隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZZpWhEq0l7
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡybg6127Kgz
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdf9s4myyBv
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPj7k6B3dAA
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu4PChPerPR
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc5HLdAZr21
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQHzRJAVGkf
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4sAlzDRoke
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd4pv7nkKHC
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5eiBheW1tL
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOULjfr16GR
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAb0FKPcSLT
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsg4eIU8oKH
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBt2r2EPgY7
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLvF26BNszV
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536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ8DDYkj2Eo
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrF936pfu59
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6g1PFKLkKE
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1gopalxZSR
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoRgjQiC536
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmd81L0l0ed
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgBxvBhyX8z
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTCPIzUwevo
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6AxsyZVRZt
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGoNb7vBtZI
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtnzUojMCV1
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy3Ia3ft6Ef
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe75rE0kLwj
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBWkFTipYbR
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCetONayFp9
以上的資料均取自Ref1。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrn8osn2AhL
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG5bg85RlAD
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVCQXX3ruSf
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaQaO4d2kPZ
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfs1NdljbLM
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnG9eCvq61n
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpgfpkbxSjM
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG3e4xsKAyC
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Link:536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeOMbCib3nR
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVorVwwsNNA
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG80sjQCjQI
536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOfTKVjbqvW
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ47OCfJFvcw
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https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/536Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXdM4rDocgU
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Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
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