隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOdTcqgdZ12
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHOVtEioCIY
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ64yUZTPqcr
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqoHZWMUYie
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaye6xHOiQ1
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpwkQPiXWBA
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡajhvzIfMIm
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoI3Ge9x7pb
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk90Nre1kCa
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr64R7yKPwg
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcs7hlOwbgf
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCwE2TMMU7v
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6eJlmFRtAw
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuQQdwIf6mh
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9tA3Zmfbuu
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEJuia4km6x
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrDlODbso0k
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWufAAltgTj
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE4TgTcaNUW
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsHBx14zEYW
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUE90MTmQdL
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ26Ggfxq90j
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtpjAb2VJLt
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVDJab2v0YW
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0n7eoUyTTW
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIpOleIxtbv
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡreyHD4TfxH
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkSKOmh5ycP
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHSesIDKcRr
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8nlrb1uUTt
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEGcd7t0LnJ
以上的資料均取自Ref1。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ8CxwSAO3P
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuGIb6fLVJD
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZE59XyAnVk
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCC0fBbo94J
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTovjwInZZj
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLUZlBCfwdA
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5jBVbfj4BW
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡw83SC0ejgc
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡphMszVTZGQ
Link:584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1gEWGkfOeE
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdKmhu9rnnE
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6OUugL1ftC
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvcjByJEUyy
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSvl1hb8D3b
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6tiiuEoOda
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA7tt9CcjLE
584Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx27O42jSVu
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
00
ns216.73.216.238da2
