上兩集簡述了癌細胞缺氧的成因，以及缺氧導致癌細胞相對上更為依賴葡萄糖作新陳代謝用途。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzpIT6E682I
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡauOqpzsT5A
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0rC66shNBg
三十秒科學–腫瘤的周遭環境661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZP5V3aNsDK
https://lih.kg/gFPfPS661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1hIkjcZ5dS
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpXCKGXxeGL
三十秒科學–癌細胞嗜糖的原因661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkWlDX7AMX8
https://lih.kg/2416199661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0xfVxnxbhN
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWQbG6R6UjG
今集我們會講述缺氧對癌細胞自身發展的其中一道好處。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk3i2Ve85PU
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHpVdYW28fm
（圖2）當DNA出現異變的時候，細胞裡名為p53的蛋白質便會出手幫忙，號令細胞停止生長(Cell cycle arrest)，給予時間讓其他蛋白質幫忙協助修復DNA。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdT5h73p1F2
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7240i6XKFt
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqSbdIt8cnM
若果細胞最後還是無法處理修復DNA的工作，p53便會指示細胞趨向死亡程序(Apoptosis)。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ43ECJ2SjP5
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUkW7fdopxF
腫瘤的出現，是無數DNA變異得出來的成果。因此在這方面來看，p53是防止癌細胞出現的好幫手，因為p53會確保細胞的DNA不會出現變異，或指令出現DNA變異的細胞消失。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgyuRekHboZ
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfzTbJcVQrY
但是，有一點非常矛盾的是，大部份普通細胞的p53蛋白質表達率非常低，它能否防止癌細胞出現這一點使人存疑。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD7f0HxDRuC
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbJo4JJbN6L
（圖3）事實上，非常諷刺的是，氧氣含量越低的話，P53蛋白質的表達率便會越高。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWg2M2ePz86
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYtM58HTcU7
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX80cCofre6
而在缺氧的環境下，擁有p53的蛋白質的細胞便會自動進行死亡。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz6dZK8W0vr
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt7uVIJys4N
（圖4）重大的問題是，有部份缺氧的癌細胞會發展出變異版本的p53，失去原有的功能。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7RjTxbaHgC
在缺氧施加的壓力下，擁有正常p53版本的細胞會一一死去，變相幫忙篩選出擁有變異版本p53的細胞，使它們逐漸成為大多數。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQMzVo6Uj6v
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnh6aWL3VAv
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCyJkcHbe4O
而這些擁有變異版本p53的細胞，修復DNA的能力會大幅度被削弱，因而加劇了DNA變異速度，促成腫瘤繼續長大。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6b9x1zBU0j
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW5N5UooStN
（圖5）圖中為腫瘤形成的其中一道概論，癌細胞自製的缺氧環境，變相提供了一道挑選擁有更強DNA變異能力細胞的環境。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp2PnIiMdcX
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvOjnU7H6Qf
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ99WwnfBEZ1
現實中大部分的的癌細胞均擁有p53變異，而擁有p53變異的細胞更具抵抗化療藥物cis-platin的能力。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHpdhuTSFxY
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJArwUyX54S
除缺氧外，大陽的紫外光亦是促使p53變異的好幫手，不少皮膚癌細胞均出現至少一處的p53變異。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPB0le7Aptr
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4dVJ1x2Uje
那些不塗防曬便與陽光玩遊戲的人，一直是在玩命。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4vwETS3Tkn
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWt6pZKtNUf
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUc21bx9HO4
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ90JWJUIiT7
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxLZ42TdBXT
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU2ZLvGWjHo
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡspquipAJc8
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9lSWIj2IvX
Link:661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5bAEGSYHAo
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfttLzjCdgp
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBiqDCi4hYQ
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsF3GoyjlKa
除非Facebook及IG重開侵侵的account，否則我的IG將不會再作更新，只會寄居本土LIHKG及Penana。661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtbHBqtXcQ6
661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8l3YZJhneL
Ref1:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8538748/661Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLsCmwVBxdE
