現今已知接近有7萬幾種的基因變異會引起疾病。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF3AwlLx7ai
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOHGlmqXeqS
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLzdrBNOYHQ
隨著CRISPR基因編輯技術的興起，將會為根治這些疾病帶來曙光。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfgGGx2lbrv
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9KUWoCr4Et
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn3UK3vrp3U
（圖2）圖中將展示「舊式」的編輯方法HDR（Homology Directed Repair)機制。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNps79ScADF
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxH1bm3QR2q
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡffG84ofQMR
sgRNA將會引領Cas9蛋白質抵達不理想的基因突變位置，其後Cas9蛋白質會將基因斬斷成兩截；448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiLU3clLIAH
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8fy4JT7OCA
根據Cas9蛋白質的特性，可修改至只斬一條特定的DNA位置，其後會再提及。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO5A55GIxuy
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaEuRbxlTcK
（圖3）此時候，如果將盛載想修改的基因排組送到斷成兩截的基因附近，細胞便會加以利用，將原本的紫色區域改成為黃色區域。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCw8qZWOaZj
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡooGJAYq33E
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFXH14zQo4l
但這個方法的隨機性非常之高，最終結果有可能會出現基因刪減，又或者是其他基因排組的插入。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCVOYsyfFdL
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvvTW6CqAyq
套用基因編輯技術於治療病人身上的話，精準度必須要非常之高，此手段明顯並不理想。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTPxQucO2r3
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL0OXRpedMu
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7fOTEFt4c4
（圖4）至於新式編輯方法Prime Editing方面，同樣亦是套用CRISPR技術，但各組件及理念則有所修改。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKHIhP7Q8ja
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnAjkWxh2Tr
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgHRg9BzNjA
擁有Transcriptase Domain的Cas9變種蛋白質將會被含有預想修改基因排組的pegRNA引領到不理想的基因突變位置，而這一次只會斬斷特定的一條DNA。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGEPyIY1CSp
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡweCkZf0gGp
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjCo6wu3TQN
（圖5）其後，Cas9變種蛋白質會讀取pegRNA內含的預想修改基因排組，並將一條DNA的基因排組成功修改。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ17jy3aoTn
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7mPqdsYL7y
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9mMz4G7Skp
經過一系列難以深入淺出的程序後，最終亦會完成成功修改雙方兩截的DNA。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYnwjzmGqNB
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgiOoVT4DnJ
（圖6）紅色區域為不理想的基因修改結果(Ref2)，新式編輯方法PrimeEditing明顯優勝於舊式編輯方法HDR，但仍有一定程度的進步空間。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbShCvzrHS7
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBtx8CBF4ZT
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhvWDXONniT
有朝一日，CRISPR基因編輯技術定必會在治療疾病上得以普及化。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNa9vd8eGR4
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsjyK0JwwSJ
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV40ikm9wIh
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgpTw093Bpe
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqec2OZddDR
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTsUgHyz119
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYRFFovK4Az
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyftPx1e4D3
Link:448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUB5XaYz2ae
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTGhyhFprn2
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbKrgc2mjSI
448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAXk5HkzKgI
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1711-4448Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7OkzQH2LxR
Ref2:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-19136-7
00
ns216.73.216.39da2
