口腔所進食的食物,途經各器官後便會來到小腸,絕大部份的營養最終將透過空腸(Jejunum)進入血液循環系統裡頭,再分配予各身體細胞;455Please respect copyright.PENANAGreFKDiqXt
我們的空腸內壁擁有著絨毛狀的結構(villi),將大大增加遇上及吸取營養的效率,以達其消化及吸收營養的重任。455Please respect copyright.PENANAV6t2xPqyTx455Please respect copyright.PENANA9mSRWw4vEj
455Please respect copyright.PENANAGQSj7ZyYKt
455Please respect copyright.PENANAVbqXmtq3t2
(圖2)食得是褔,著得是祿。455Please respect copyright.PENANAc4L5ENWZBY
患有短腸症候群(Short Bowel Syndrome,每年約每一百萬個小童便有三名患者)或其他腸道疾病問題的兒童,因著空腸長度有機會出現過短的狀況,很多時候下並沒能夠吸取足夠營養支撐正常成長。455Please respect copyright.PENANAsATlQNFd5i455Please respect copyright.PENANASEicrWdCFh
455Please respect copyright.PENANAk66b01pEB3
嚴重的情況,便需要進行器官移植。455Please respect copyright.PENANAwxZfvcZKNJ
455Please respect copyright.PENANAkoKZx6FLU7
只不過,適用的器官並不是話來就來,而且亦有不少個案出現器官排斥問題,引發一連串的併發症。455Please respect copyright.PENANAVmfqGVCvdg
455Please respect copyright.PENANApuvGWRPta9
(圖3)為了紓困現狀,有科學家在近日發表文章(Ref1),嘗試提出方法解決現時所面對的困局–455Please respect copyright.PENANAo8Zf841iO5
455Please respect copyright.PENANAKFQqYDCgFa
抽取患者的腸道細胞,以體外的方式在實驗室進行培植,製造出新一條的空腸。455Please respect copyright.PENANAP5uAyufNUr
而因著器官是由患者本身的細胞而來,出現排斥的機會亦順然大幅度能夠減低下來。455Please respect copyright.PENANAuGXQ40fUcj455Please respect copyright.PENANAOtNLhbdNXn
455Please respect copyright.PENANAF2CmlDQ5lQ
455Please respect copyright.PENANAemwi6TjL5P
這次研究中,他們找來了28名歲數從3個月大至15歲的小童,從某部份的病人體內拿取2mm左右的腸道樣本,在實驗室內培植兩個月左右的時間,得出俱備空腸功能的類器官455Please respect copyright.PENANAVcL6WfkRti
(Organoid);455Please respect copyright.PENANAoUTJpJfgLW
455Please respect copyright.PENANAInohJh3YKO
類器官可看成為半完成物,有著器官的關鍵功能,但外貌及個別特徵始終與完整器官差天共地。455Please respect copyright.PENANAni3hlnww6g
455Please respect copyright.PENANA6PrLnBQzNm
同時間,他們亦拿取病人腸道一小節,把所有的細胞清除得一乾二淨,用作為日後移植用的基座(Scaffold)。455Please respect copyright.PENANAMwp9JC85re
之所以要沿用病人的腸道作為基座,原因是病人腸道本質上有著引導類器官繼續發展成型的能力,而這種本質現今科技上還沒能完完全全利用其他物料成功複製出來。455Please respect copyright.PENANAJqm8aq3Mj9
455Please respect copyright.PENANAW64c6zdLwB
他們把類器官培植在基座上一段時間後,再嘗試移植到老鼠身體上,箇中亦證實得到類器官在老鼠體內擁有發展成為腸道的能力。455Please respect copyright.PENANA3vVLnLdssA
455Please respect copyright.PENANA2lmYQbD5aQ
將類器官移植回到病人體內這一步,無疑還有一段距離才能實行。455Please respect copyright.PENANAPjYZi13DjR
但這研究在老鼠身上所得出的成果,至少證實得到這個大方向是有著實際應用上的可行性,並非紙上談兵風花雪月,而是為日後實際套用在病人方面上奠下了一重要的理論基礎。455Please respect copyright.PENANAygGxL0Xx68
455Please respect copyright.PENANAsnno6KLa9q
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。455Please respect copyright.PENANAHhjPMrPYBt
455Please respect copyright.PENANAXEmCC4lHVN
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc455Please respect copyright.PENANACcbGMaBtk8
455Please respect copyright.PENANAQZ3MPHdzXg
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。455Please respect copyright.PENANASqa0F3CbmO
455Please respect copyright.PENANAnP73EdVv5j
Link:455Please respect copyright.PENANAnK4r6QqcY2
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio455Please respect copyright.PENANASNvqe7Rz7S
455Please respect copyright.PENANAxmivdIBWVA
455Please respect copyright.PENANACaWjDnjYhH
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。455Please respect copyright.PENANAdwviPWE3AP
455Please respect copyright.PENANAiLC4oF9fCh
455Please respect copyright.PENANAylGUN3cCYs
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-020-1024-z455Please respect copyright.PENANATd1lUVP9KJ