白蘑菇上的啡點,大多是由名為P. tolaasii 的細菌引起,學名為Brown Blotch Disease(Ref1)。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAGd4TR5HENm1368Please respect copyright.PENANA2oO0EPDUNQ
1368Please respect copyright.PENANA61u7ovKEKb
雖然P. tolaasii 細菌不會使人染病,但普遍大多數消費者也不會購買帶有啡點的蘑菇,只會買下白色乾淨且有彈性的白蘑菇。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAy372SPz5fX
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAHeA8CSgg2d
基於Brown Blotch Disease的傳染性非常之高的關係,當有一顆蘑菇受到感染,其後波及的面積將會非常巨大,讓農夫們蒙受損失。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAFEredzwNNq
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAB7pADCNu3E
而這種細菌同時亦會波及士多啤梨椰菜花等農作物,故此絕對不能忽視。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAWnoRdMkpUO
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAXzdTx09akT1368Please respect copyright.PENANAF0BhcxdwZW
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAqL9OcKXHbl
(圖2)已知的是,P. tolaasii 細菌會產生名為tolaasins的物質,在白蘑菇表面上產生微孔,導致啡黑色的圓點出現。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAFUJfs4OQvt
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAUc8RG8c0Ai
(圖3)近日有科學家發表文章(Ref2),證實另一種類的細菌M. tolaasinivorans /M. lacteus能將環狀結構的tolaasins轉變成直線結構。1368Please respect copyright.PENANALJSJQiDMn31368Please respect copyright.PENANAWXffyv4l1E
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAVKjaUN1Siz
而最為重要的是,直線結構的tolaasins再也沒有能力在白蘑菇上產生啡點。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAuapjdMxKsQ
1368Please respect copyright.PENANA4kVUxbLFFL
(圖4)他們亦發現,M.tolaasinivorans /M. Lacteus 同時亦能破壞P. tolaasii裡頭一隻名為pseudodesmin物質的部份結構,得以減慢P. tolaasii的生長速度。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAxWsN36SKFQ1368Please respect copyright.PENANAnXY5Ze7rsR
1368Please respect copyright.PENANA8xMSsvLrtI
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAzApRfQSBf4
此項發現除了揭示可以利用細菌擊倒細菌此等手法保護農作物的手法外,同時亦指引科學家們可以研究出針對破壞該兩種物質的化學物,作為另一種保護白蘑菇等農作物外觀的手段。1368Please respect copyright.PENANA4VEj0l3WJL
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAbv2MsTr30F
「同類」擊倒同類,滲透繼而分化的破壞力,絕對是不容忽視的。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAML6zeAHCpE
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAIZ3xeFPS9L
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAa9ZuFfUpo8
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAPryqI5DPqt
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc1368Please respect copyright.PENANA8q6LblDBAL
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAqdhVA0m3WT
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。1368Please respect copyright.PENANA68HXpmHP8S
1368Please respect copyright.PENANATRn2QTE2C1
Link:1368Please respect copyright.PENANA1hrwDT994M
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio1368Please respect copyright.PENANAf65ly0OVHA
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAwY8lsFP0fp
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAVdDHQNpWL8
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。1368Please respect copyright.PENANAYoUjXtomb3
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAYFg0OrNgvt
1368Please respect copyright.PENANAG7YqSCPWn4
Ref1:https://academic.oup.com/femsre/article/23/5/591/5332401368Please respect copyright.PENANAQYtMkDYNqZ
Ref2:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32868430/1368Please respect copyright.PENANAvv9pWChVHu