隨著細胞的基因變異一直累積，正常細胞形成癌細胞的機會亦會相應提升。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVcOedYlwfm
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvM7cPJt3GU
但細胞是否只需要基因變異這一個誘因便能夠轉化為癌細胞呢？541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYc9u86WEA6
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6t2lYuDYkX
這一方面還有一定程度的斟酌空間。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrsV8rNC9ZI
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjA2Qk6R2Pp
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrPYX2abUE2
舉例來說，NOTCH1基因變異被認定為是推進食道細胞轉化成為癌細胞的其中一個原因。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8Fj8v5j0GG
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN8elYfiI5F
但在長者的健康食道細胞裡頭，約有30-80%的細胞均擁有NOTCH1基因變異，而他們身體並沒有出現及發生食道癌。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnOwuEJtMjh
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAau3DG72Hp
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGCQtENRxVr
（圖2）而在老鼠實驗方面，單憑服用DMBA (引致Hras基因變異)或Croton oil(引致發炎效用，不會促進基因變異)的話，並不會引起癌細胞的出現。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4pAVNOds9w
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk9aUYIcU3I
唯獨兩者以先後的方式給予老鼠的話，癌細胞才會有所形成。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv9KgaG3pvj
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR8sztLKLqm
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡznsLJbzfNk
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnIgzBublKI
這不禁讓科學家開始思考一道問題，是否基因變異再加上某種特定條件，就可以促進癌細胞形成呢？541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9NGQUEmfWn
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnEp53O0vvI
（圖3）為解答這個問題，英國開始了名為Mutographs的計劃，541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjtDLebhRqR
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡugHhubFve0
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZ2JZ7wfxho
集5大洲超過5000個病人的癌細胞基因圖譜(主要集中在食道、大腸、腎臟及胰臟癌)，541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrk73DjtwqD
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTwDu3lV2H7
同時比對病人的日常習慣(食用習慣、酒精飲用、熱飲喜好等等)，541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIMsjVt1orE
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9X54BSlMV3
其中一個目標就是想找出哪一種特殊條件配上某一個基因變異會特別容易促進癌細胞的形成。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ90lleoZaXQ
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmN4o3xXWt6
若然能得出確切的結果並附上內裡的細胞機制支持的話，這將會為預防癌症形成的領域作出重大的貢獻。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxTzbkm9j1E
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKyZbRJkvzp
以上的資料均取自Ref1。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡypZPgVpmEW
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrCf7EqbNok
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnAubCGcXXj
如果想我快啲出文的話，請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark，這對我非常之重要。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMU55yauIjG
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡey5cMZKfdk
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfpEJnPcjTy
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9PwtvHbCje
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」，以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文，多謝。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhzkis9BX6I
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLqrFpU18bu
Link:541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm4ubzbR8yk
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfEc2B5z1je
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡciPUDmRj1I
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXHOrdz8Ux9
有興趣接收科學資訊的話，歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWi5FP7wrEA
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRBWOYrSnQL
https://www.instagram.com/potatopigtongue/541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOBg73bxuvl
541Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuXm74vVyOO
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41588-020-00727-5
00
ns216.73.216.39da2
