埃及斑蚊,英文名為yellow fever mosquito,學名為Aedes aegypti,是白紋伊蚊的近親。788Please respect copyright.PENANA67ZWhl3Jwf
788Please respect copyright.PENANAfi3D0EhqTp
(圖1)男性品種不會叮人,只有女性品種才會叮人,藉著吸血等途徑傳播登革熱(Dengue Fever)等疾病。788Please respect copyright.PENANAZOxzYFmPcY788Please respect copyright.PENANA5FNYWCaGtQ
788Please respect copyright.PENANA3ZETG151Jk
殺蟲劑雖能殺滅蚊子,但蚊子亦逐漸展示出對殺蟲劑的抗藥性。788Please respect copyright.PENANAipmmoz0Lkl
788Please respect copyright.PENANA6cqkotLAbN
而基於殺蟲劑會污染環境及危害部份雀鳥昆蟲健康關係,建立另類對付播毒蚊子的方法可謂有著絕對的迫切性。788Please respect copyright.PENANAHDAl4rXG32
788Please respect copyright.PENANATBj0FW6sUn788Please respect copyright.PENANAJ01FEWWjqq
788Please respect copyright.PENANAFD97hPUAF8
(圖2)有見及此,Oxitec公司(現為美國公司收購)培養出埃及斑蚊OX513A品種。788Please respect copyright.PENANAiCP5RmgAnk
牠們在幼蟲的時候需要四環黴素(Tetracycline)才能成功生長。在實驗室培植的時候,研究人員會在食物裡提供四環黴素,但當他們被放到野外的時候,便再也沒能取得足夠的四環黴素,沒能順利生長成為蚊子。788Please respect copyright.PENANASSA21PgRpK
788Please respect copyright.PENANASYpW4jSULV
男性埃及斑蚊OX513A品種與女性正常品種交配的話,將有機會產生正常品種及OX513A品種的蚊卵。788Please respect copyright.PENANALzw84Mm2xQ
788Please respect copyright.PENANAEd9rcw9e3B
在野外缺乏四環黴素的情況下,正常品種有86–88%成功長大為蚊子,而OX513A品種則只有3-4%的成功率。788Please respect copyright.PENANAQ5krJ31QZQ
788Please respect copyright.PENANARxbtIy4HVV
以這個方式推算下去的話,蚊子下一代的比率將會大幅度減低。788Please respect copyright.PENANArCteweUkp9
788Please respect copyright.PENANAfryzG1gHGO788Please respect copyright.PENANA8C0oqStmLG
788Please respect copyright.PENANAx8Aa46nnl8
(圖3)Oxitec公司在2010年英國開曼群島藉著此方式消除80%野外埃及斑蚊。788Please respect copyright.PENANAF515q5Aif0
而亦在2013年巴西巴伊亞州順利用上同樣方式消除~90%野外埃及斑蚊。788Please respect copyright.PENANAeEHqSos3kD
788Please respect copyright.PENANA7RHCBV5f9l
今年2020年8月,他們同樣依這種方式在美國佛羅里達發放男性男性埃及斑蚊OX513A品種。788Please respect copyright.PENANAbAT5HM9KwF
788Please respect copyright.PENANArQLCPzaSmH
此舉泛起不少反對聲音,不乏違反動物權利及人權等等。788Please respect copyright.PENANAu3fSdqxH31
788Please respect copyright.PENANAzRB1i0oPdz
亦有人認為此舉會破壞生態平衡,奈何此方法只會滅殺埃及斑蚊,不會影響其他蚊子品種,其他物種可照樣進食其他蚊子品種代替,不見得有任何大影響。788Please respect copyright.PENANAZ6NeQW3Ua8
788Please respect copyright.PENANAeHgvrKMwrW
至於亦有人認為埃及斑蚊有機會因而大遷徙到第二區域,這點反而有著潛在的可能性,值得探討一下。
**
睇番一大輪資料後,發覺原來依篇文所寫的方法係佢哋用係巴西的方法,18個月之內係有成效,之後蚊子數量回升。788Please respect copyright.PENANAOXGTuSQe90
788Please respect copyright.PENANAKspA5FMUID
今次美國所用的方法係OX5034,同舊原理差唔多,但女性BB會死,而男性BB唔會。788Please respect copyright.PENANAdmzd8tl3hA
788Please respect copyright.PENANAgYPBqVsZGI
無睇到佢哋媒體資料,只係睇咗佢哋之前所發出的學術文章,所以資料有錯,對不起。
**
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。788Please respect copyright.PENANAHlnj7KEdh2
788Please respect copyright.PENANAJn9poWcE5n
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc788Please respect copyright.PENANApGqHp0jmAY
788Please respect copyright.PENANA3TCHLfN6tv
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。788Please respect copyright.PENANAT9J3GCnX7e
788Please respect copyright.PENANAxVbUaUCNLe
Link:788Please respect copyright.PENANATBmaLmwSym
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio788Please respect copyright.PENANAFXmEQjrM4B
788Please respect copyright.PENANA5sPAmdInzN
788Please respect copyright.PENANAja9LTVAmWx
有興趣接收科普資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。788Please respect copyright.PENANAjH12AGGXCI
788Please respect copyright.PENANANNPBZ2kE1w
788Please respect copyright.PENANAX7xr7JSav4
Ref:788Please respect copyright.PENANArTqpl2zGwL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6072261/#R3788Please respect copyright.PENANALm7sgHRnU9
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489809/788Please respect copyright.PENANAhRF23in0SF
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1865532/788Please respect copyright.PENANAbUPzPa8rCb
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4063546/
00
ns216.73.216.82da2