世界人口不斷膨脹,2050年預料會達到90億人口,食物需求將會高出2005年60%以上。648Please respect copyright.PENANAFfUxxLtp3U648Please respect copyright.PENANAQF2nRumVkC
648Please respect copyright.PENANAfCscsUZ9vw
(圖1)飼養禽畜作為食物用途,將為地球帶來不少負擔。現今牠們只少佔用30%的地球土地及8%的淡水,其中所釋出的氣體亦佔溫室氣體的14.5%。648Please respect copyright.PENANAmxnoJe7OVs
648Please respect copyright.PENANAwEZqi131ET
而且為了預防動物傳染病的問題,不同種類的抗生素廣泛被採用,此舉大幅度幫助細菌建立應對抗生素的抗性,實為一道潛在隱憂。648Please respect copyright.PENANA4XlUkc1kPa648Please respect copyright.PENANAzYEsHr72H7
648Please respect copyright.PENANAA6ZKdykaOi
(圖2)為減輕活家禽問題(及謀取利潤),有商家開始利用植物蛋白等材料製成素牛肉,現時已有不少產品推出市場。648Please respect copyright.PENANAsWDjJSohb3
648Please respect copyright.PENANAuPdsctpcPw
另一方面,亦有不少機構主攻實驗室培植牛肉領域,雖然2013年已有成功例子,但那時候總共花費兩年時間及三十萬美金才製成一塊普通手掌大的漢堡扒,顯然並不符合成本效益。648Please respect copyright.PENANAXfXuj5lo5O
648Please respect copyright.PENANAmILdLZAtZM
除了用另類方法製作活家禽肉類外,亦有不少人提倡吃蟲主義以作應對食物需求問題,本篇文章並不打算對此作深入探討。648Please respect copyright.PENANAzvv3RHQTje648Please respect copyright.PENANAmRnRVeM3wo
648Please respect copyright.PENANAMQAFtzzOS2
(圖3)今年有科學家發表文章(Ref1),講述製作實驗室培植牛肉的進展成果。648Please respect copyright.PENANAdqwWdyov2C
他們利用可食用的大豆製Texture Soy Protein(組織化植物蛋白)作為基座,再把兩種牛隻細胞培植在其上。648Please respect copyright.PENANAcSgU1dy4sr
648Please respect copyright.PENANA5RW6YnNp3B
牛心肌細胞幫忙製作骨膠原等物質,而牛肌肉幹細胞最終演化成為肌肉,成為牛肉蛋白質來源。648Please respect copyright.PENANAqybbGBjs9T
648Please respect copyright.PENANAJy2NmYFqFD
他們亦有嘗試把血管細胞培植在裡頭,未來亦打算把脂肪細胞放進其內,半肥瘦叉燒或其他肉類產品絕不是夢。648Please respect copyright.PENANAS4xQTzwubN
648Please respect copyright.PENANAMPLDkbGXlD
現時他們仍然面對一系列的問題,控制幹細胞轉化成為肌肉細胞需求一系列精準數量的生長元素(Growth Factor),有一定程度的成本需求。648Please respect copyright.PENANAJNxSvkmFxx
648Please respect copyright.PENANA2oeVz8OHfZ
同時間,把多數細胞同時飼養在一起的話,培養液的成份亦需要作大量時間調整才能找出最好的配方,可見還需至少兩三年的時間才會有真正普及的實驗室培植牛肉打進市場。648Please respect copyright.PENANAleGmmriTlt
648Please respect copyright.PENANAtelCy2PAMP
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。648Please respect copyright.PENANAiOk5upb89S
648Please respect copyright.PENANAeErnuyQXcn
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc648Please respect copyright.PENANAMWguRQIirQ
648Please respect copyright.PENANA5iejmN0n3Q
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。648Please respect copyright.PENANANVOFDXWwj6
648Please respect copyright.PENANAvFtIkAze1R
Link:648Please respect copyright.PENANAPNcl0cG9KF
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio648Please respect copyright.PENANAw08vbLE85E
648Please respect copyright.PENANADNuNGQInMF
648Please respect copyright.PENANApxDQtNfYtW
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。648Please respect copyright.PENANABVK5RYMc5f
648Please respect copyright.PENANAPymjRuZApO
648Please respect copyright.PENANAPos4isLHtC
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-020-0046-5648Please respect copyright.PENANAtFT4e1tCtD