抗生素是其中一種應付細菌或微生物的手段,以Virginiamycin M2(VM2)這抗生素為例,它能夠與細菌的核糖體(Ribosome)結合,從而抑制細菌的生長及繁殖。522Please respect copyright.PENANAWk6SsV66Nf522Please respect copyright.PENANAoqQJdQUZel
522Please respect copyright.PENANAQWMC1FpEnU
522Please respect copyright.PENANAJjhXofPDoQ
為應對抗生素的襲擊,細菌亦會發展出不同的機制作出制衡。同樣以VM2作為例子,細菌會生產一隻名為VatA酵素,能夠有效對VM2進行改造。522Please respect copyright.PENANAVUOBGNUyzh
522Please respect copyright.PENANA7yoAd9EJgp
被改造的VM2再也無法合併及阻礙Ribosome功能,細菌亦得以繼續無阻繁殖,展示出抗藥性。522Please respect copyright.PENANA2bWQtooDKe
522Please respect copyright.PENANAzQIKWuzOsZ
522Please respect copyright.PENANA0Y2RqCJ04y
(圖2)最近,有科學家應用名為Modular Synthesis的技術進行應對(Ref1)。522Please respect copyright.PENANAeEoIiRERs2
簡單來說,Modular Synthesis就把化學物當作是砌LEGO一樣,能夠任意在短時間內改組化學物的各個部位。522Please respect copyright.PENANAB0hclBvmRM522Please respect copyright.PENANAgngVDGStHr
522Please respect copyright.PENANAgOOJ0rM4zx
如圖中所示,化學物各顏色部位均能轉變成其相應顏色的組件。522Please respect copyright.PENANAZ4KuX8Tkmk
522Please respect copyright.PENANAuRQrvuNUns
522Please respect copyright.PENANAWZG5w4M3Ka
(圖3)經過一輪的驗證後,科學家發現細菌VatA酵素會在VM2某部位(C14)進行改造,但箇中過程將會與VM2另一個位置(C4)進行觸碰。522Please respect copyright.PENANAgzglxdDZ7W522Please respect copyright.PENANA69ZQWxPSPK
522Please respect copyright.PENANAjFb9UjLDGB
基於這點,科學家特意在C4部位裝上一大串臃腫的化學結構,促使細菌VatA酵素無法與VM2進行互動的同時,亦能確保人為改造的VM2能夠使細菌的Ribosome功能受阻。522Please respect copyright.PENANAO5ma6WNY7O
522Please respect copyright.PENANAAhawyIwkSr
當然,並不難想像細菌會隨著時間的增長發展出另一種新穎的應對方法,到時候科學家會否重用Modular Synthesis技倆應對,或者發展出一道一勞永逸的方法,就有待我們細心等候了。522Please respect copyright.PENANATQSuuPkgLS
522Please respect copyright.PENANA6OB1IviTUj
暫時來說,這場道高一尺、魔高一丈的遊戲,應該還要持續好一段的時間。522Please respect copyright.PENANAgL9eujw3oR
522Please respect copyright.PENANAhISPjEd3go
如果想我快啲出文的話,請入去Penana網站科普專欄–薯不揀單俾一個like以及Bookmark,這對我非常之重要。522Please respect copyright.PENANAGCYIyApvbV
522Please respect copyright.PENANAH6zSd9p2V3
Link: https://www.penana.com/story/66244/%E7%A7%91%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%88%E6%AC%84-%E8%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E6%8F%80%E5%96%AE/toc522Please respect copyright.PENANAbaqQL99A7b
522Please respect copyright.PENANASohtNgMhUW
同時亦可以在Penana網站裡按「買一嚿/半嚿薯仔」,以課金的方式推動我繼續搜羅資料寫文,多謝。522Please respect copyright.PENANAiBwaJEF7yv
522Please respect copyright.PENANAccd1fdqBzd
Link:522Please respect copyright.PENANATQnKkRPrP1
https://www.penana.com/user/27349/%E8%96%AF%E4%BB%94%E8%81%9E%E8%8C%B1%E8%8E%89/portfolio522Please respect copyright.PENANAHx3eJUhWqg
522Please respect copyright.PENANAyhuzgBad8U
522Please respect copyright.PENANAuV6Ux2Vr06
有興趣接收科學資訊的話,歡迎follow IG: potatopigtongue。522Please respect copyright.PENANAdc7iy4sUtd
522Please respect copyright.PENANA7yd4Vquvlo
522Please respect copyright.PENANAnIRfO0Xd7T
Ref1:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2761-3522Please respect copyright.PENANAEj43P0yBGT